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George Borrow: The Man and His Books
George Borrow: The Man and His Books

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for George Borrow: The Man and His Books
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.
Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.
Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"
Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.
The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

George Borrow: The Man and His Books

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.
Line 2
Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.
Line 3
Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"
Line 4
Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.
Line 5
The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.
/ðə ʃɔːrt ɑːrm wɑːz truː tuː ðə fækts ðə lɔːŋ ɑːrm wɑːz mɔːr ˌɪmˈpresɪv ənd wɑːz ˈtruːər tuː ðə kriˈeɪtəd ˈkerɪktər wɪtʃ wɑːz mɔːr ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Ambrose noun US /ˈæmbroʊz/

(Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan

From this reading “Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"”

Borrow verb US /ˈbɑːroʊ/

get temporarily

From this reading “These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.”

founded verb US /ˈfaʊndɪd/

past form of “found” — set up or found

From this reading “Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.”

impressive adjective US /ˌɪmˈpresɪv/

making a strong or vivid impression

From this reading “The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.”

representation noun US /ˌreprəzenˈteɪʃən/

a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image

From this reading “These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.”

resembling verb US /rɪˈzembəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading “Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.”

tents noun US /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading “Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"”

truer adjective US /ˈtruːər/

comparative of “true” — consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading “The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

AmbrosenounUS /ˈæmbroʊz/

(Roman Catholic Church) Roman priest who became bishop of Milan

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

BorrowverbUS /ˈbɑːroʊ/

get temporarily

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

Borrow's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

dismaladjectiveUS /ˈdɪzməl/

causing dejection

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

foundedverbUS /ˈfaʊndɪd/

past form of “found” — set up or found

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

glovesnounUS /ɡlʌvz/

plural of “glove” — the handwear used by fielders in playing baseball

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

harmonynounUS /ˈhɑːrməni/

compatibility in opinion and action

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

I'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

impressiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpresɪv/

making a strong or vivid impression

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

JaspernounUS /ˈdʒæspər/

an opaque form of quartz; red or yellow or brown or dark green in color; used for ornamentation or as a gemstone

From this reading Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

Lavengro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

neareradverbUS /ˈnɪrər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

Petulengro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

Petulengro's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

PossiblyadverbUS /ˈpɑːsəbli/

by chance

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

representationnounUS /ˌreprəzenˈteɪʃən/

a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

resemblingverbUS /rɪˈzembəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

somehowadverbUS /ˈsʌmhaʊ/

in some unspecified way or manner; or by some unspecified means

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

TakeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Take the case of Jasper Petulengro's arm.

tentsnounUS /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Possibly he had a short arm like his father, but in reading the proof it must somehow have seemed to Borrow that his Jasper Petulengro--founded on Ambrose Smith and at many points resembling him--ought to have a long arm.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

trueradjectiveUS /ˈtruːər/

comparative of “true” — consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

We'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The short arm was true to "the facts"; the long arm was more impressive and was truer to the created character, which was more important.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading These changes in the proof of what was afterwards called "Lavengro" were, it need hardly be said, made in order to bring the words nearer to a representation of the idea in Borrow's brain, and nearer to a perfect harmony with one another.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Borrow knew the man Ambrose Smith well enough to know whether he had a long or a short arm: for did not Jasper say to him when he was dismal, "We'll now go to the tents and put on the gloves, and I'll try to make you feel what a sweet thing it is to be alive, brother!"

Chapter 5 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books by Edward Thomas holds 171 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books contain?

Chapter 5 holds 171 sentences of George Borrow: The Man and His Books, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books by Edward Thomas exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 171 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading George Borrow: The Man and His Books

Common questions about reading George Borrow: The Man and His Books by Edward Thomas on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of George Borrow: The Man and His Books?

Yes. All 3843 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18588 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of George Borrow: The Man and His Books is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18588, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does George Borrow: The Man and His Books take to read?

About 320 minutes of reading across 769 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read George Borrow: The Man and His Books section by section

How to work through George Borrow: The Man and His Books section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in George Borrow: The Man and His Books

Words and structures a reader meets early in George Borrow: The Man and His Books, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Richard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Borrow: The Man and His Books; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jefferies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Borrow: The Man and His Books; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Light
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Borrow: The Man and His Books; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twilight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Borrow: The Man and His Books; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.