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George Borrow: The Man and His Books
George Borrow: The Man and His Books

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books is here in full — 81 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.
His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.
It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.
He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.
He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

George Borrow: The Man and His Books

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books is here in full — 81 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.
/æt ðə end ʌv ðiːz ˈtrævəlz ˈbɑːroʊ hæd tɜːrnd ˈtwentituː/
Line 2
His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.
/hɪz ˈbrʌðər dʒɑːn ˈpeɪntɪd hɪz ˈpɔːrtrət bʌt ɪt hæz ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd ənd ˈbɑːroʊ hɪmˈself æz ɪf ˈfɪrɪŋ lest noʊ ˈædəkwət ˈpɪktʃər ʌv hɪm ʃʊd rɪˈmeɪn tʊk peɪnz tuː liːv ðə məˈtɪriəl fɔːr wʌn/
Line 3
It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.
/ɪt ɪz ə pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti ʌv hɪz bʊks ðæt ˈpiːpəl huːm hiː miːts ənd ˈkɑːnvərsəz wɪð ˈɔːfən rɪˈmɑːrk ɑːn hɪz əˈpɪrəns/
Line 4
He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.
Line 5
He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adequate adjective US /ˈædəkwət/

having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading “His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.”

converses noun US /ˈkɑːnvərsəz/

plural of “converse” — a proposition obtained by conversion

From this reading “It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.”

meets noun US /miːts/

plural of “meet” — a meeting at which a number of athletic contests are held

From this reading “It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.”

peculiarity noun US /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading “It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.”

Pharaoh noun US /ˈferoʊ/

the title of the ancient Egyptian kings

From this reading “He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."”

Saul noun US /sɔːl/

(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)

From this reading “He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."”

travels noun US /ˈtrævəlz/

plural of “travel” — the act of going from one place to another

From this reading “At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.”

twenty-two noun US /ˈtwentituː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-one and one

From this reading “At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

adequateadjectiveUS /ˈædəkwət/

having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

Alfieri's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

BorrowverbUS /ˈbɑːroʊ/

get temporarily

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

commentnounUS /ˈkɑːment/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

conversesnounUS /ˈkɑːnvərsəz/

plural of “converse” — a proposition obtained by conversion

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

fearingverbUS /ˈfɪrɪŋ/

-ing form of “fear” — be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

Haydon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

meetsnounUS /miːts/

plural of “meet” — a meeting at which a number of athletic contests are held

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

painsnounUS /peɪnz/

an effortful attempt to attain a goal

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

paintedadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪntɪd/

coated with paint

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

painternounUS /ˈpeɪntər/

an artist who paints

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

peculiaritynounUS /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

PharaohnounUS /ˈferoʊ/

the title of the ancient Egyptian kings

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

remarknounUS /rɪˈmɑːrk/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

SaulnounUS /sɔːl/

(Old Testament) the first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines)

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

tolerablyadverb

in an acceptable (but not outstanding) manner

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading His brother John painted his portrait, but it has disappeared, and Borrow himself, as if fearing lest no adequate picture of him should remain, took pains to leave the material for one.

travelsnounUS /ˈtrævəlz/

plural of “travel” — the act of going from one place to another

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

twenty-twonounUS /ˈtwentituː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-one and one

From this reading At the end of these travels Borrow had turned twenty-two.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading He must himself have been tolerably familiar with it and used to comment on it.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It is a peculiarity of his books that people whom he meets and converses with often remark on his appearance.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He told his father that a lady thought him like Alfieri's Saul; at a later date Haydon, the painter, said he would "make a capital Pharaoh."

Chapter 16 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books by Edward Thomas holds 81 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books contain?

Chapter 16 holds 81 sentences of George Borrow: The Man and His Books, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books by Edward Thomas exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 81 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of George Borrow: The Man and His Books?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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