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George Washington
George Washington

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of George Washington is here in full — 42 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for George Washington
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.
The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.
The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.
At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.
It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

George Washington

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of George Washington is here in full — 42 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.
/ə ˈtraɪəl ʌv ɑːrmz ðə best men ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd hæd əˈpiːld tuː ðə sens ʌv ˈdʒʌstəs ənd ˈfernəs ʌv ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt ənd ʌv ˈpɑːrləmənt wɪˈθaʊt ɪˈfekt/
Line 2
The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.
/ðə ˈkɑːləni ʌv ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts wɑːz pleɪst ˈʌndər ˈmɪləteri ruːl/
Line 3
The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.
/ðə ˈɔːrdər wɑːz ˈɡɪvən tuː siːz ðə ˈmɪləteri stɔːrz ɪn ðə ˈkɑːləniz ənd ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ wɑːz meɪd ɪn ˈbɑːstən/
Line 4
At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.
Line 5
It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.
/ɪt wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ˈpɑːsəbəl nɑːt tuː pərˈsiːv ðæt ˈtɪrəni wɑːz dɪˈtɜːrmənd tuː set ɪts fʊt ɑːn ðə neks ʌv ðə əˈmerəkən ˈpiːpəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appealed verb US /əˈpiːld/

past form of “appeal” — take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading “A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.”

colonies noun US /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading “The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.”

colony noun US /ˈkɑːləni/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading “The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.”

fairness noun US /ˈfernəs/

conformity with rules or standards

From this reading “A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.”

Massachusetts noun US /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.”

necks noun US /neks/

plural of “neck” — the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading “It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.”

stores noun US /stɔːrz/

plural of “store” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading “The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.”

tyranny noun US /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading “It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

throughout the country preposition + article + noun counted as “throughout … country”

In this reading “At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.”

longer possible adverb + adjective

In this reading “It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

appealedverbUS /əˈpiːld/

past form of “appeal” — take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

ArmsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

coloniesnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

colonynounUS /ˈkɑːləni/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

fairnessnounUS /ˈfernəs/

conformity with rules or standards

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

necksnounUS /neks/

plural of “neck” — the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

ParliamentnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

perceiveverbUS /pərˈsiːv/

to become aware of through the senses

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

resounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

seizeverbUS /siːz/

take hold of; grab

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

storesnounUS /stɔːrz/

plural of “store” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading The order was given to seize the military stores in the colonies and the beginning was made in Boston.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading At this a cry of indignation resounded throughout the country.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

TrialnounUS /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading It was no longer possible not to perceive that tyranny was determined to set its foot on the necks of the American people.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The colony of Massachusetts was placed under military rule.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading A Trial of Arms The best men in England had appealed to the sense of justice and fairness of the government and of Parliament without effect.

Chapter 8 of George Washington by Ferdinand Schmidt holds 42 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of George Washington contain?

Chapter 8 holds 42 sentences of George Washington, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of George Washington by Ferdinand Schmidt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 42 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of George Washington?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading George Washington

Common questions about reading George Washington by Ferdinand Schmidt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of George Washington?

Yes. All 1430 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60236 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of George Washington is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60236, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does George Washington take to read?

About 119 minutes of reading across 286 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read George Washington section by section

How to work through George Washington section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of George Washington to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in George Washington

Words and structures a reader meets early in George Washington, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translator
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Immensee
A word that appears in the opening chapter of George Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.