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Gertrude's Marriage
Gertrude's Marriage

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Gertrude's Marriage is here in full — 232 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Gertrude's Marriage
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.
On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.
They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.
The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.
It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gertrude's Marriage

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Gertrude's Marriage is here in full — 232 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.
Line 2
On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.
/ɑːn ðə bæk siːt sæt ˈɑːrθər ˈfredrɪks wɪð ˈʌŋkəl ˈhenri bɪˈsaɪd hɪm ˈɑːpəzət wɑːz ˈlɪndən/
Line 3
They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.
Line 4
The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.
/ðə ˈwɪntər hæd kʌm bæk wʌns mɔːr ɪn fʊl fɔːrs bɪˈfɔːr ˈteɪkɪŋ ɪts ˈfaɪnəl dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/
Line 5
It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

final adjective US /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading “The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.”

flakes noun US /fleɪks/

plural of “flake” — a crystal of snow

From this reading “It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.”

Fredericks noun US /ˈfredrɪks/

plural of “frederick” — a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading “On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.”

hats noun US /hæts/

plural of “hat” — headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading “They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.”

Linden noun US /ˈlɪndən/

soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork

From this reading “On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.”

railings noun US /ˈreɪlɪŋz/

plural of “railing” — a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading “It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.”

snowing verb US /ˈsnoʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “snow” — fall as snow

From this reading “It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.”

trot verb US /trɑːt/

run at a moderately swift pace

From this reading “A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

iron railings noun + noun counted as “iron railing”

In this reading “It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.”

final departure adjective + noun

In this reading “The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.”

once more adverb + adjective

anew

In this reading “The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.”

come back verb + particle

be restored

In this reading “The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.”

full force adjective + noun

In this reading “The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.”

left arm noun + noun

In this reading “They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.”

close carriage adjective + noun

In this reading “A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

Baumhagen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

bringingnounUS /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

burial-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

church-yard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

crapenoun

small very thin pancake

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

flakesnounUS /fleɪks/

plural of “flake” — a crystal of snow

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

FredericksnounUS /ˈfredrɪks/

plural of “frederick” — a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

hatsnounUS /hæts/

plural of “hat” — headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

iron-graynoun

the color of freshly broken cast iron

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

LindennounUS /ˈlɪndən/

soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

new-madeadjective

newly made

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

railingsnounUS /ˈreɪlɪŋz/

plural of “railing” — a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

snowingverbUS /ˈsnoʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “snow” — fall as snow

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

trotverbUS /trɑːt/

run at a moderately swift pace

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

UnclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A week later the iron-gray horses were bringing the close carriage back from the church-yard at a sharp trot.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading The winter had come back once more in full force before taking its final departure.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the back seat sat Arthur Fredericks with Uncle Henry beside him; opposite was Linden.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading It was snowing, and the great flakes settled down on a little new-made grave within the iron railings of the Baumhagen family burial-place.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading They wore crape around their hats and a band of crape on the left arm.

Chapter 8 of Gertrude's Marriage by W. Heimburg holds 232 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Gertrude's Marriage contain?

Chapter 8 holds 232 sentences of Gertrude's Marriage, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Gertrude's Marriage by W. Heimburg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 232 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Gertrude's Marriage?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Gertrude's Marriage

Common questions about reading Gertrude's Marriage by W. Heimburg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Gertrude's Marriage?

Yes. All 3549 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32442 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Gertrude's Marriage is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32442, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Gertrude's Marriage take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 710 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Gertrude's Marriage section by section

How to work through Gertrude's Marriage section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Gertrude's Marriage to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Gertrude's Marriage

Words and structures a reader meets early in Gertrude's Marriage, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Really
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gertrude's Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frank
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gertrude's Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Place
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gertrude's Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shouldn't
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gertrude's Marriage; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.