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Ghetto Tragedies
Ghetto Tragedies

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ghetto Tragedies is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ghetto Tragedies
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.
"Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!
Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."
The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.
And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ghetto Tragedies

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ghetto Tragedies is here in full — 394 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.
Line 2
"Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!
/ˈevərmɔːr tuː ˈwɑːndər stoʊnd ənd dɪˈraɪdɪd/
Line 3
Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."
/ðaʊ hæst set ə mɑːrk ɑːn hɪz ˈfɔːrhed bʌt hɪz ˈpʌnɪʃmənt ɪz ˈɡreɪtər ðæn hiː kæn ber/
Line 4
The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.
/ðə ded leɪ ɔːl ərˈaʊnd hɪm wʌn əˈpɑːn əˈnʌðər nuː red stoʊnz ˈʃoʊldərɪŋ əˈsaɪd ðə ɡreɪ stoʊnz ðæt toʊld tuː buːt ʌv ðə deθ ʌv ðə ˈsentʃəriz/
Line 5
And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjacent adjective US /əˈdʒeɪsənt/

nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space

From this reading “And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.”

boot noun US /buːt/

footwear that covers the whole foot and lower leg

From this reading “The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.”

derided verb US /dɪˈraɪdɪd/

past form of “deride” — treat or speak of with contempt

From this reading “"Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!”

Evermore adverb US /ˈevərmɔːr/

at any future time; in the future

From this reading “"Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!”

Frankfort noun US /ˈfræŋkfərt/

the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky

From this reading “"Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.”

Pharaoh noun US /ˈferoʊ/

the title of the ancient Egyptian kings

From this reading “"Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.”

shouldering verb US /ˈʃoʊldərɪŋ/

-ing form of “shoulder” — lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading “The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.”

stoned adjective US /stoʊnd/

under the influence of narcotics

From this reading “"Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gray stones noun + noun counted as “gray stone”

In this reading “The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.”

ran over verb + particle counted as “run over”

injure or kill by knocking (someone or something) down and passing over the body, as with a vehicle

In this reading “"Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.”

long chain adjective + noun

(chemistry) a relatively long chain of atoms in a molecule

In this reading “"Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.”

red stones noun + noun counted as “red stone”

In this reading “The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.”

struggle for verb + particle

In this reading “And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.”

mark on verb + particle

In this reading “Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

adjacentadjectiveUS /əˈdʒeɪsənt/

nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

bootnounUS /buːt/

footwear that covers the whole foot and lower leg

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

chainnounUS /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

death-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

deridedverbUS /dɪˈraɪdɪd/

past form of “deride” — treat or speak of with contempt

From this reading "Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

EvermoreadverbUS /ˈevərmɔːr/

at any future time; in the future

From this reading "Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

foreheadnounUS /ˈfɔːrhed/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

FrankfortnounUS /ˈfræŋkfərt/

the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

hastauxiliary verbUS /hæst/

an old form of “have”, used with “thou”

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

pathsnounUS /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

Peloni

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

PharaohnounUS /ˈferoʊ/

the title of the ancient Egyptian kings

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

pressurenounUS /ˈpreʃər/

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

shoulderingverbUS /ˈʃoʊldərɪŋ/

-ing form of “shoulder” — lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

stonedadjectiveUS /stoʊnd/

under the influence of narcotics

From this reading "Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading And the pressure of all this struggle for death-room had raised the earth higher than the adjacent paths.

ThoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Thou hast set a mark on his forehead, but his punishment is greater than he can bear."

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Oh, God!" thought Peloni, as his mind ran over the long chain from Pharaoh to Frankfort.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The dead lay all around him, one upon another, new red stones shouldering aside the gray stones that told to boot of the death of the centuries.

wanderverbUS /ˈwɑːndər/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading "Evermore to wander, stoned and derided!

Chapter 4 of Ghetto Tragedies by Israel Zangwill holds 394 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Ghetto Tragedies contain?

Chapter 4 holds 394 sentences of Ghetto Tragedies, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Ghetto Tragedies by Israel Zangwill exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 394 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Ghetto Tragedies?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ghetto Tragedies

Common questions about reading Ghetto Tragedies by Israel Zangwill on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ghetto Tragedies?

Yes. All 7031 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35076 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ghetto Tragedies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35076, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ghetto Tragedies take to read?

About 585 minutes of reading across 1407 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ghetto Tragedies section by section

How to work through Ghetto Tragedies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Ghetto Tragedies to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ghetto Tragedies

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ghetto Tragedies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Obvious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ghetto Tragedies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Typographical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ghetto Tragedies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Errors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ghetto Tragedies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corrected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ghetto Tragedies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.