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Gleanings in Europe
Gleanings in Europe

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Gleanings in Europe is here in full — 138 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
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Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.
A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.
When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.
Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.
Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gleanings in Europe

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Gleanings in Europe is here in full — 138 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.
Line 2
A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.
/ə ˈlɪtəl ˈsɜːrkəmstæns ðæt ɪz skers wɜːrθ ˈmenʃənɪŋ hæz drɔːn miː frʌm maɪ ˈpraɪvəsi ənd ˌɪnˈduːst miː tuː əˈpɪr æt ðə kɔːrt ʌv ˈtʌskəni/
Line 3
When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.
Line 4
Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.
/əˈkɔːrdɪŋli ðə sɔːrd ənd stiːl ˈbʌtənz ənd leɪs wɜːr ˈɜːrli prəˈvaɪdɪd fɔːr aɪ wɑːz ˈɡɪvən tuː ˌʌndərˈstænd ðæt ðiːz wɜːr ˌɪndɪˈspensəbəl ˌperəfəˈneɪljə/
Line 5
Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?
/wɜːr ðə θɪŋ tuː biː dʌn ˈoʊvər əˈɡen aɪ ʃʊd æsk pərˈmɪʃən tuː əˈpɪr ɪn ðə fʊl dres ʌv maɪ oʊn ˈkʌntri fɔːr ɪf ə tɜːrk kæn biː rəˈsiːvd ɪn ðɪs ˈmænər waɪ nɑːt æn əˈmerəkən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chamberlain noun US /ˈtʃeɪmbərlən/

British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)

From this reading “When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.”

establishments noun US /eˈstæblɪʃmənts/

plural of “establishment” — the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading “When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.”

paraphernalia noun US /ˌperəfəˈneɪljə/

equipment consisting of miscellaneous articles needed for a particular operation or sport etc.

From this reading “Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.”

princesses noun US /ˈprɪnsesɪz/

plural of “princess” — a female member of a royal family other than the queen (especially the daughter of a sovereign)

From this reading “Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.”

privacy noun US /ˈpraɪvəsi/

the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others

From this reading “A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.”

sovereignty noun US /ˈsɑːvrənti/

government free from external control

From this reading “Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.”

Transfer verb US /trænˈsfɜːr/

transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading “Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.”

Tuscany noun US /ˈtʌskəni/

a region in central Italy

From this reading “Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ask permission verb + noun

In this reading “Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?”

own country verb + noun

In this reading “Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?”

over again preposition + adverb

anew

In this reading “Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?”

on the occasion preposition + article + noun counted as “on … occasion”

In this reading “When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.”

appear at verb + particle

In this reading “A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.”

appear in verb + particle

In this reading “Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?”

at hand preposition + noun

close in space; within reach

In this reading “When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

AccordinglyadverbUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

addressedadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

ApplicationnounUS /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

audiencenounUS /ˈɑːdiəns/

a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

buttonsnounUS /ˈbʌtənz/

plural of “button” — a round fastener sewn to shirts and coats etc to fit through buttonholes

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

chamberlainnounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbərlən/

British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

Drawing-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

establishmentsnounUS /eˈstæblɪʃmənts/

plural of “establishment” — the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

festivalnounUS /ˈfestəvəl/

a day or period of time set aside for feasting and celebration

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

indispensableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈspensəbəl/

not to be dispensed with; essential

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

inducedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈduːst/

brought about or caused; not spontaneous

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

laceverbUS /leɪs/

spin, wind, or twist together

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

mentioningverbUS /ˈmenʃənɪŋ/

-ing form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

PalacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

paraphernalianounUS /ˌperəfəˈneɪljə/

equipment consisting of miscellaneous articles needed for a particular operation or sport etc.

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

permissionnounUS /pərˈmɪʃən/

approval to do something

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

Pitti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

PoliticaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

PrincessesnounUS /ˈprɪnsesɪz/

plural of “princess” — a female member of a royal family other than the queen (especially the daughter of a sovereign)

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

privacynounUS /ˈpraɪvəsi/

the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

ReflectionsnounUS /rɪˈflekʃənz/

plural of “reflection” — a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

resolutionnounUS /ˌrezəˈluːʃən/

a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

scarceadverbUS /skers/

only a very short time before

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

sovereigntynounUS /ˈsɑːvrənti/

government free from external control

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

TransferverbUS /trænˈsfɜːr/

transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

TurknounUS /tɜːrk/

a native or inhabitant of Turkey

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

TuscanynounUS /ˈtʌskəni/

a region in central Italy

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Accordingly, the sword, and steel buttons, and lace were early provided; for I was given to understand that these were indispensable paraphernalia.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading When the resolution to be presented, was taken, a letter was addressed to the great chamberlain, with a request to have an audience of the grand duke, and of the princesses of the family, of whom there are three of an age to have establishments; and I received an answer that I should be presented on the occasion of a festival that was at hand, when there was to be a grand drawing-room.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Were the thing to be done over again, I should ask permission to appear in the full dress of my own country: for if a Turk can be received in this manner, why not an American?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Application for an audience at the Court of Tuscany.--A grand Drawing-room at the Pitti Palace.--Transfer of the sovereignty of Tuscany.--The author presented to the Grand Duke and to the Princesses.--His conversation with the Grand Duke.--Political Reflections.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading A little circumstance that is scarce worth mentioning has drawn me from my privacy, and induced me to appear at the court of Tuscany.

Chapter 6 of Gleanings in Europe by James Fenimore Cooper holds 138 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Gleanings in Europe contain?

Chapter 6 holds 138 sentences of Gleanings in Europe, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Gleanings in Europe by James Fenimore Cooper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 138 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Vocabulary met early in Gleanings in Europe

Words and structures a reader meets early in Gleanings in Europe, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gleanings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Europe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.