Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Gleanings in Europe
Gleanings in Europe

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Gleanings in Europe is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Gleanings in Europe
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.
The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.
The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.
The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.
As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gleanings in Europe

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Gleanings in Europe is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.
Line 2
The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.
/ðə ˈsiːzən suːn bɪˈkeɪm səˈfɪʃəntli ədˈvænst tuː ɡɪv ʌs ə saɪt ʌv æn ˌɪˈtæljən sprɪŋ/
Line 3
The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.
/ðə bɜːrdz ʌv ˈpæsədʒ hæd floʊn sʌm nɔːrθ ənd sʌm saʊθ bʌt ɔːl ɪn kwest ʌv ˈpleʒər/
Line 4
The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.
/ðə ˈmembərz ʌv ˈpɑːrləmənt hæd rʌn ʌp tuː ˈlʌndən tuː teɪk ðer siːts ðə pɪrz ɪkˈseptɪd fɔːr ðeɪ kæn duː ðer ˈduːti baɪ ˈprɑːksi/
Line 5
As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.
/æz fɔːr ðə ˈrʌʃənz ənd frentʃ ðeɪ hæd ˈtʃiːfli ɡɔːn tuː ˈneɪpəlz ɔːr ˈteɪkən ˈrefjuːdʒ ɪn ðə ˈmaʊntənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

excepted verb US /ɪkˈseptɪd/

past form of “except” — take exception to

From this reading “The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.”

flown verb US /floʊn/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading “The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.”

patois noun US /ˌpæˈtwɑː/

a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves)

peers noun US /pɪrz/

plural of “peer” — a person who is of equal standing with another in a group

From this reading “The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.”

proxy noun US /ˈprɑːksi/

a person authorized to act for another

From this reading “The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.”

Russians noun US /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading “As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.”

Tuscan noun US /ˈtʌskən/

a resident of Tuscany

From this reading “Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.”

Villas noun US /ˈvɪləz/

plural of “villa” — Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)

From this reading “Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

taken refuge adjective + noun

In this reading “As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.”

Church Bells noun + noun counted as “church bell”

a bell in a church tower (usually sounded to summon people to church)

In this reading “Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.”

sufficiently advanced adverb + adjective

In this reading “The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.”

in quest preposition + noun

In this reading “The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.”

in the vicinity preposition + article + noun counted as “in … vicinity”

In this reading “Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.”

became sufficiently verb + particle counted as “become sufficiently”

In this reading “The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.”

run up verb + adjective

pile up (debts or scores)

In this reading “The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

BellsnounUS /belz/

plural of “bell” — a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

Belvederes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

Carthusiannoun

a member of the Carthusian order

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

ConventnounUS /ˈkɑːnvənt/

a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

deliciousadjectiveUS /dɪˈlɪʃəs/

greatly pleasing or entertaining

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

EffectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

exceptedverbUS /ɪkˈseptɪd/

past form of “except” — take exception to

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

fignounUS /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

FlorencenounUS /ˈflɔːrəns/

a city in central Italy on the Arno; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

flownverbUS /floʊn/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

FuneralnounUS /ˈfjuːnərəl/

a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

NaplesnounUS /ˈneɪpəlz/

a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy; capital of the Campania region

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

parliamentnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

patoisnounUS /ˌpæˈtwɑː/

a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves)

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

PeasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

peersnounUS /pɪrz/

plural of “peer” — a person who is of equal standing with another in a group

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

ProspectsnounUS /ˈprɑːspekts/

plural of “prospect” — the possibility of future success

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

proxynounUS /ˈprɑːksi/

a person authorized to act for another

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

questnounUS /kwest/

a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

RussiansnounUS /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

soupnounUS /suːp/

liquid food especially of meat or fish or vegetable stock often containing pieces of solid food

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The birds of passage had flown, some north and some south, but all in quest of pleasure.

SpringnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

StrollnounUS /stroʊl/

a leisurely walk (usually in some public place)

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading As for the Russians and French, they had chiefly gone to Naples, or taken refuge in the mountains.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

TuscannounUS /ˈtʌskən/

a resident of Tuscany

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The members of parliament had run up to London to take their seats, the peers excepted, for they can do their duty by proxy.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The season soon became sufficiently advanced to give us a sight of an Italian spring.

vicinitynounUS /vəˈsɪnəti/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

VillasnounUS /ˈvɪləz/

plural of “villa” — Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)

From this reading Spring at Florence.--Villas in the vicinity.--Prospects from the Belvederes.--A popular Tuscan air.--A fig after soup delicious.--Effect of Church Bells.--The _patois_ of the Peasants.--A Funeral.--Stroll in a Carthusian Convent.

Chapter 10 of Gleanings in Europe by James Fenimore Cooper holds 70 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Gleanings in Europe contain?

Chapter 10 holds 70 sentences of Gleanings in Europe, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Gleanings in Europe by James Fenimore Cooper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 70 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Gleanings in Europe?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Gleanings in Europe

Common questions about reading Gleanings in Europe by James Fenimore Cooper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Gleanings in Europe?

Yes. All 2346 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76712 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Gleanings in Europe is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76712, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Gleanings in Europe take to read?

About 195 minutes of reading across 470 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Gleanings in Europe section by section

How to work through Gleanings in Europe section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Gleanings in Europe to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Gleanings in Europe

Words and structures a reader meets early in Gleanings in Europe, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gleanings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Europe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gleanings in Europe; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.