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Chapter XXXVI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.
To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.
This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.
Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.
On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gold

Chapter XXXVI

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.
Line 2
To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.
Line 3
This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.
Line 4
Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.
Line 5
On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Afternoon noun US /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.”

AGAIN noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.”

Among preposition US /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

Astonished adjective US /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/

very surprised

From this reading “SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

Drew noun US /drew/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.”

Foot noun US /foot/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.”

Imagine noun US /ˈimagine/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

afternoonnounUS /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

AGAINnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

agents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

apparently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

arrival

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

astonishedadjectiveUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/

very surprised

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

begin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

bold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

businesslike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

change

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

chaps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

characters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

clerks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

collected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

crowded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

declaiming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.

dissolute

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

drewnounUS /drew/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

early

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

evidently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

exceedingly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

footnounUS /foot/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

fortunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

FRANCISCO

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

freedom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

green-looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

hard-faced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

hogshead

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

imaginenounUS /ˈimagine/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

instead

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

keen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

lacking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

landed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

learn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

learning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

lighter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

likely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

lives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

loafers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

mildly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

mines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

miscellaneous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

mob

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

months

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

now

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From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

old

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From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

other

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From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

pay

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From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

place

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From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

preacher

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From this reading On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.

projecting

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From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

purpose

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From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

put

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From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

road

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From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

rough

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From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

Sacramento

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From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

SAN

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From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

saw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

sharp

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From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

side

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From this reading On a hogshead at one side a street preacher was declaiming.

specialized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

Street

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

thoroughly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

types

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

view

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This wharf was crowded by a miscellaneous mob, collected apparently with no other purpose than to view our arrival.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading SAN FRANCISCO AGAIN We drew up to San Francisco early in the afternoon, and we were, to put it mildly, thoroughly astonished at the change in the place.

wharf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading To begin with, we now landed at a long wharf projecting from the foot of Sacramento Street instead of by lighter.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among them we saw many specialized types that had been lacking to the old city of a few months ago--sharp, keen, businesslike clerks whom one could not imagine at the rough work of the mines; loafers whom one could not imagine at any work at all; dissolute, hard-faced characters without the bold freedom of the road agents; young green-looking chaps who evidently had much to learn and who were exceedingly likely to pay their little fortunes, if not their lives, in the learning.