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Graham of Claverhouse
Graham of Claverhouse

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Graham of Claverhouse is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.
His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.
During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.
But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.
It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Graham of Claverhouse

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Graham of Claverhouse is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.
Line 2
His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.
Line 3
During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.
/ˈdʊrɪŋ hɪz ˈloʊnli raɪdz hiː hæd taɪm tuː ɪɡˈzæmɪn ðə steɪt ʌv hɪz ˈfiːlɪŋz ənd hiː faʊnd hɪmˈself mɔːr ˈdiːpli əˈfektɪd ðæn hiː θɔːt ˌɪnˈdiːd hiː kənˈfest tuː hɪmˈself ðæt ɪf hiː wɜːr tuː ˈmeri hiː ʃʊd prəˈfɜːr dʒiːn tuː ˈeni ˈʌðər ˈwʊmən hiː hæd ˈevər met/
Line 4
But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.
/bʌt hiː rɪˈmembərd hɜːr ˈænsestri əˈspeʃli hɜːr ˈmʌðər ənd hɜːr kriːd wɪtʃ wɑːz ðə ˈɑːpəzət ʌv hɪz ənd hiː nuː ðæt ˈiːðər ʃiː wʊd nɑːt ˈmeri hɪm bɪˈkɔːz hiː wɑːz ðə tʃiːf əˈpoʊnənt ʌv hɜːr kɑːz ɔːr ɪf hiː səkˈsiːdɪd ɪn ˈwɪnɪŋ hɜːr hiː wʊd moʊst ˈlaɪkli biː dɪˈskredɪtɪd æt kɔːrt baɪ ðɪs səˈspɪʃəs ˈmerɪdʒ/
Line 5
It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈbetər nɑːt tuː siː hɜːr ɔːr tuː rʌn ˈeni ˈfɜːrðər rɪsks/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ancestry noun US /ˈænsestri/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading “But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.”

discredited adjective US /dɪˈskredɪtɪd/

being unjustly brought into disrepute

From this reading “But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.”

excusing verb US /ɪksˈkjuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “excuse” — accept an excuse for

From this reading “"THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.”

journeys noun US /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading “"THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.”

opponent noun US /əˈpoʊnənt/

a contestant that you are matched against

From this reading “But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.”

Paisley noun US /ˈpeɪzli/

a soft wool fabric with a colorful swirled pattern of curved shapes

From this reading “"THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.”

rides noun US /raɪdz/

plural of “ride” — a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile)

From this reading “During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.”

risks noun US /rɪsks/

plural of “risk” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading “It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

deeply affected adverb + adjective

In this reading “During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.”

most likely adverb + adjective

In this reading “But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.”

own sake verb + noun

In this reading “His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.”

real reason adjective + noun

In this reading “His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “"THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.”

succeeded in verb + particle counted as “succeed in”

In this reading “But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.”

keep away verb + particle

prevent from coming close

In this reading “His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.”

other woman adjective + noun

In this reading “During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.”

All words in this reading · 109

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

affectedadjectiveUS /əˈfektɪd/

acted upon; influenced

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

ancestrynounUS /ˈænsestri/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

BEauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

Claverhouse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

Cochrane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

confessedverbUS /kənˈfest/

past form of “confess” — confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

creednounUS /kriːd/

any system of principles or beliefs

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

discreditedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskredɪtɪd/

being unjustly brought into disrepute

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

excusingverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “excuse” — accept an excuse for

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

feelingsnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.

GODnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

headquartersnounUS /ˈhedkwɔːrtərz/

(usually plural) the office that serves as the administrative center of an enterprise

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

hospitalitynounUS /ˌhɑːspəˈtæləti/

kindness in welcoming guests or strangers

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

JeannounUS /dʒiːn/

a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

journeysnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

marryverbUS /ˈmeri/

take in marriage

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

opponentnounUS /əˈpoʊnənt/

a contestant that you are matched against

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

PaisleynounUS /ˈpeɪzli/

a soft wool fabric with a colorful swirled pattern of curved shapes

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

PEOPLEnounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

preferverbUS /prəˈfɜːr/

like better; value more highly

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

rememberedverbUS /rɪˈmembərd/

past form of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

ridesnounUS /raɪdz/

plural of “ride” — a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile)

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

risksnounUS /rɪsks/

plural of “risk” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It was better not to see her, or to run any further risks.

SHALLmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

suspiciousadjectiveUS /səˈspɪʃəs/

openly distrustful and unwilling to confide

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

THYdeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading "THY PEOPLE SHALL BE MY PEOPLE, THY GOD MY GOD" A month had passed before Claverhouse returned to Paisley, and this time he made his headquarters in the town, and did not accept the hospitality of the castle, excusing himself on the ground of his many and sudden journeys.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His real reason was that he thought it better to keep away, both for his own sake and that of Jean Cochrane.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

winningadjectiveUS /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

having won

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading During his lonely rides he had time to examine the state of his feelings, and he found himself more deeply affected than he thought; indeed he confessed to himself that if he were to marry he should prefer Jean to any other woman he had ever met.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But he remembered her ancestry, especially her mother, and her creed, which was the opposite of his, and he knew that either she would not marry him because he was the chief opponent of her cause, or if he succeeded in winning her, he would most likely be discredited at Court by this suspicious marriage.

Chapter 8 of Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren holds 153 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Graham of Claverhouse contain?

Chapter 8 holds 153 sentences of Graham of Claverhouse, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 153 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Graham of Claverhouse?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Graham of Claverhouse

Common questions about reading Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Graham of Claverhouse?

Yes. All 2531 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30022 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Graham of Claverhouse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30022, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Graham of Claverhouse take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 507 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Graham of Claverhouse section by section

How to work through Graham of Claverhouse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Graham of Claverhouse to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Graham of Claverhouse

Words and structures a reader meets early in Graham of Claverhouse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beside
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bonnie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carnegie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.