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Graham of Claverhouse
Graham of Claverhouse

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Graham of Claverhouse is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.
He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.
Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.
He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.
He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Graham of Claverhouse

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Graham of Claverhouse is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.
Line 2
He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.
/hiː lɜːrnd ðen æz ˈmeni men hæv dʌn ɪn taɪmz ʌv ðer dɪˈstres ðə ˈhɔːrər ʌv ðə naɪt taɪm ənd ðə ˈblesɪŋ ʌv ðə laɪt/
Line 3
Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.
Line 4
He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.
/hiː wʊd noʊ mɔːr hæv ˈdaʊtɪd dʒiːnz ˈɑːnər ðæn ðæt ʌv hɪz ˈmʌðər/
Line 5
He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Blair noun US /bler/

British statesman who became prime minister in 1997 (born in 1953)

From this reading “THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.”

disappointments noun US /dɪsəˈpɔɪntmənts/

plural of “disappointment” — a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

From this reading “Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.”

Jean's noun US /dʒiːnz/

possessive form of “jean” — a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading “He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.”

lied noun US /laɪd/

a German art song of the 19th century for voice and piano

From this reading “He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.”

Livingstone noun US /ˈlɪvɪŋstoʊn/

Scottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873)

From this reading “He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.”

Perth noun US /pɜːrθ/

the state capital of Western Australia

From this reading “THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.”

treachery noun US /ˈtretʃ.ər.i/

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or disloyalty against a host or ally.

From this reading “Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.”

trials noun US /ˈtraɪəlz/

plural of “trial” — the act of testing something

From this reading “THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

dwell upon verb + particle

In this reading “He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.”

most cruel adverb + adjective

In this reading “THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.”

own interest verb + noun

In this reading “Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.”

from the beginning preposition + article + noun counted as “from … beginning”

In this reading “Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.”

many men adjective + noun

In this reading “He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.”

with contempt preposition + noun

In this reading “Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

affectedadjectiveUS /əˈfektɪd/

acted upon; influenced

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

ALSOadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

Athole

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

BlairnounUS /bler/

British statesman who became prime minister in 1997 (born in 1953)

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

blessingnounUS /ˈblesɪŋ/

the formal act of approving

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

contemptnounUS /kənˈtempt/

lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

Corryarrack

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

disappointmentsnounUS /dɪsəˈpɔɪntmənts/

plural of “disappointment” — a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

distressnounUS /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

doubtedverbUS /ˈdaʊtɪd/

past form of “doubt” — consider unlikely or have doubts about

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

drinkverbUS /drɪŋk/

take in liquids

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

Dundee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

dwellverbUS /dwel/

think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

explanationnounUS /ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/

a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

FALSEadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

Grimond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

Grimond's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

Hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

huntingnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

Inverness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

JeannounUS /dʒiːn/

a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

Jean'snounUS /dʒiːnz/

possessive form of “jean” — a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

jestnounUS /dʒest/

a humorous anecdote or remark intended to provoke laughter

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

liednounUS /laɪd/

a German art song of the 19th century for voice and piano

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

LivingstonenounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋstoʊn/

Scottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873)

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

PassverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

PerthnounUS /pɜːrθ/

the state capital of Western Australia

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

seldomadverbUS /ˈseldəm/

not often

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

THOUpronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading He learned then, as many men have done in times of their distress, the horror of the night time and the blessing of the light.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

treacherynounUS /ˈtretʃ.ər.i/

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or disloyalty against a host or ally.

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

trialsnounUS /ˈtraɪəlz/

plural of “trial” — the act of testing something

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

trustedadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌstɪd/

(of persons) worthy of trust or confidence

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He would have known that Grimond never lied, and that he did not often drink, but he also would have been sure that even if it was Jean who met Livingstone, that there was some good explanation, and he never would have allowed his thoughts to dwell upon the matter.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THOU ALSO FALSE Dundee was a man of many trials, and one on whom fortune seldom smiled; but the most cruel days of his life were the ride from Inverness by the Pass of Corryarrack to Blair Athole, and from Blair Athole by Perth to Dundee.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Had his mind not been affected by the universal treachery of the time, and the disappointments he had met on every side, till it seemed that every man except himself was hunting after his own interest, and no one, high or low, could be trusted, he had from the beginning treated Grimond's story with contempt and made it a subject of jest.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He would no more have doubted Jean's honor than that of his mother.

Chapter 12 of Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren holds 212 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Graham of Claverhouse contain?

Chapter 12 holds 212 sentences of Graham of Claverhouse, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 212 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Graham of Claverhouse?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Graham of Claverhouse

Common questions about reading Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Graham of Claverhouse?

Yes. All 2531 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30022 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Graham of Claverhouse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30022, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Graham of Claverhouse take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 507 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Graham of Claverhouse section by section

How to work through Graham of Claverhouse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Graham of Claverhouse to begin.

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Graham of Claverhouse

Words and structures a reader meets early in Graham of Claverhouse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beside
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bonnie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carnegie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.