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Graham of Claverhouse
Graham of Claverhouse

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Graham of Claverhouse is here in full — 204 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.
Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."
Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.
The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.
If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Graham of Claverhouse

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Graham of Claverhouse is here in full — 204 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.
Line 2
Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."
/ˈhɪðər ənd ˈðɪθɜːr θruː ðə ˈhaɪləndz hiː reɪst soʊ ðæt hiː wɑːz dɪˈskraɪbd ɪn ˈletərz ʌv ðæt deɪ æz ˈskɪpɪŋ frʌm wʌn hɪl tuː əˈnʌðər laɪk ˈwaɪldfaɪər wɪtʃ æt læst wɪl ˈvænɪʃ ʌv ˌɪtˈself fɔːr wɑːnt ʌv ˈfjuːəl ənd laɪk æn ˌɪnˈsendieri tuː ɪnˈfleɪm ðæt koʊld ˈkʌntri jet hiː faɪndz smɔːl enˈkɜːrɪdʒmənt/
Line 3
Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.
Line 4
The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.
Line 5
If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.
/ɪf ðer wɑːz ˈeni tʃæns ʌv ə ˈfɔːreɪ ɪn wɪtʃ ðeɪ kʊd ˈɡæðər spɔɪl ðeɪ wɜːr ˈredi tuː flɪŋ ðemˈselvz ˈɪntuː ðə freɪ bʌt æz suːn æz ðeɪ hæd ɡeɪnd ðer end ðeɪ wʊd meɪk fɔːr ðə ɡlenz ənd liːv ðer ˈdʒenərəl ɪn ðə lɜːrtʃ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clans noun US /klænz/

plural of “clan” — group of people related by blood or marriage

From this reading “The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.”

foray noun US /ˈfɔːreɪ/

a sudden short attack

From this reading “If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.”

glens noun US /ɡlenz/

plural of “glen” — a narrow secluded valley (in the mountains)

From this reading “If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.”

guileless adjective US /ˈɡaɪlləs/

free of deceit

From this reading “The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.”

incendiary adjective US /ˌɪnˈsendieri/

involving deliberate burning of property

From this reading “Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."”

inflame verb US /ɪnˈfleɪm/

cause inflammation in

From this reading “Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."”

Jacobite noun US /ˈdʒækəbaɪt/

a supporter of James II after he was overthrown or a supporter of the Stuarts

From this reading “The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.”

wildfire noun US /ˈwaɪldfaɪər/

a raging and rapidly spreading conflagration

From this reading “Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

like wildfire verb + noun

In this reading “Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."”

entirely ignorant adverb + adjective

In this reading “The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.”

rode away verb + particle counted as “ride away”

ride away on a horse, for example

In this reading “TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.”

any chance adjective + noun

In this reading “If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.”

Since the day preposition + article + noun counted as “since … day”

In this reading “TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.”

All words in this reading · 133

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

AnythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

bravelyadverbUS /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

CAMPnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

clansnounUS /klænz/

plural of “clan” — group of people related by blood or marriage

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

depictedadjectiveUS /dɪˈpɪktəd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

devotionnounUS /dɪˈvoʊʃən/

feelings of ardent love

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

devouredverbUS /dɪˈvaʊərd/

past form of “devour” — destroy completely

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

Dundee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

encouragementnounUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒmənt/

the expression of approval and support

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

endeavornounUS /ɪnˈdevər/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

fierceradjectiveUS /ˈfɪrsər/

comparative of “fierce” — marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

fightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

findsnounUS /faɪndz/

plural of “find” — a productive insight

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

flingverbUS /flɪŋ/

throw with force or recklessness

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

foraynounUS /ˈfɔːreɪ/

a sudden short attack

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

frayverbUS /freɪ/

wear away by rubbing

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

fuelverbUS /ˈfjuːəl/

provide with a combustible substance that provides energy

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

gatherverbUS /ˈɡæðər/

assemble or get together

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

Glenogilvie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

glensnounUS /ɡlenz/

plural of “glen” — a narrow secluded valley (in the mountains)

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

guilelessadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪlləs/

free of deceit

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

half-starved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

heroesnounUS /ˈhɪroʊz/

plural of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

hidverbUS /hɪd/

inflected form of “hide” — prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

HighlandsnounUS /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

HitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

imaginedverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənd/

past form of “imagine” — form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

incendiaryadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsendieri/

involving deliberate burning of property

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

inflameverbUS /ɪnˈfleɪm/

cause inflammation in

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

intentnounUS /ˌɪnˈtent/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

JacobitenounUS /ˈdʒækəbaɪt/

a supporter of James II after he was overthrown or a supporter of the Stuarts

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

JeannounUS /dʒiːn/

a coarse durable twill-weave cotton fabric

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

king'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

largelyadverbUS /ˈlɑːrdʒli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

lurchverbUS /lɜːrtʃ/

walk as if unable to control one's movements

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

patheticadjectiveUS /pəˈθetɪk/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

racedverbUS /reɪst/

past form of “race” — move hurridly

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

skippingverbUS /ˈskɪpɪŋ/

inflected form of “skip” — bypass

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

spoilverbUS /spɔɪl/

make a mess of, destroy or ruin

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

stealingnounUS /ˈstiːlɪŋ/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

story-tellers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Anything more pathetic than this last endeavor of Dundee, except it be his death, cannot be imagined.

thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

TREASONnounUS /ˈtriːzən/

a crime that undermines the offender's government

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

vanishverbUS /ˈvænɪʃ/

get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

victimsnounUS /ˈvɪktəmz/

plural of “victim” — an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The clans were not devoured with devotion to King James, and were not the victims of guileless enthusiasm; they were not the heroes of romance depicted by Jacobite poets and story-tellers: they were half-starved, entirely ignorant, fond of fighting, but largely intent on stealing.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

wildfirenounUS /ˈwaɪldfaɪər/

a raging and rapidly spreading conflagration

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If there was any chance of a foray in which they could gather spoil, they were ready to fling themselves into the fray, but as soon as they had gained their end, they would make for the glens and leave their general in the lurch.

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading TREASON IN THE CAMP Since the day Dundee rode away from Glenogilvie, after the scene with Jean, he was a man broken in heart, but he hid his private wound bravely, and gave himself with the fiercer energy to the king's business.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Hither and thither through the Highlands he raced, so that he was described in letters of that day as "skipping from one hill to another like wildfire, which at last will vanish of itself for want of fuel," and "like an incendiary to inflame that cold country, yet he finds small encouragement."

Chapter 13 of Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren holds 204 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Graham of Claverhouse contain?

Chapter 13 holds 204 sentences of Graham of Claverhouse, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 204 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Graham of Claverhouse?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Graham of Claverhouse

Common questions about reading Graham of Claverhouse by Ian Maclaren on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Graham of Claverhouse?

Yes. All 2531 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30022 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Graham of Claverhouse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30022, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Graham of Claverhouse take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 507 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Graham of Claverhouse section by section

How to work through Graham of Claverhouse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Graham of Claverhouse to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Graham of Claverhouse

Words and structures a reader meets early in Graham of Claverhouse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beside
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bonnie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carnegie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Graham of Claverhouse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.