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Grammar-land
Grammar-land

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Grammar-land is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DR.
VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.
Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, we have well examined this that you call your Song of the verb To be.’”
Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.
I _do_ like, certainly,” replied the Judge.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Grammar-land

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Grammar-land is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DR.
Line 2
VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.
Line 3
Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call yourSong of the verb To be.’”
Line 4
Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.
Line 5
I _do_ like, certainly,” replied the Judge.
/aɪ duː laɪk ˈsɜːrtənli rɪˈplaɪd ðə dʒʌdʒ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bowing noun US /ˈboʊɪŋ/

bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting

From this reading ““Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.”

Conjugation noun US /ˌkɑːndʒəˈɡeɪʃən/

the state of being joined together

From this reading ““Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.”

examined verb US /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading ““Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’””

Grammar noun US /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading ““Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’””

Judge verb US /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading ““Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’””

number noun US /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading “VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.”

Song noun US /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading ““Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’””

verb noun US /vɜːrb/

the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading “VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading ““Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’””

All words in this reading · 38

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

bowingnounUS /ˈboʊɪŋ/

bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting

From this reading “Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading “I _do_ like, certainly,” replied the Judge.

ConjugationnounUS /ˌkɑːndʒəˈɡeɪʃən/

the state of being joined together

From this reading “Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading “I _do_ like, certainly,” replied the Judge.

DR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DR.

examinedverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

GrammarnounUS /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “I _do_ like, certainly,” replied the Judge.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.

JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading “Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.

lordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading “Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “Conjugation, my lord, if you like,” said Dr. Verb, bowing.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

NUMBERnounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

PERSONnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading “I _do_ like, certainly,” replied the Judge.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

SongnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

TENSES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

THREEnounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

VerbnounUS /vɜːrb/

the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

VERB'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VERB’S THREE TENSES AND NUMBER AND PERSON.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Now, Dr. Verb,” said Judge Grammar, the next day, “we have well examined this that you call your ‘Song of the verb To be.’”

Chapter 10 of Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt holds 85 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Grammar-land contain?

Chapter 10 holds 85 sentences of Grammar-land, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 85 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Grammar-land?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Grammar-land

Common questions about reading Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Grammar-land?

Yes. All 1319 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66712 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Grammar-land is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66712, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Grammar-land take to read?

About 109 minutes of reading across 264 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Grammar-land section by section

How to work through Grammar-land section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Grammar-land to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Grammar-land

Words and structures a reader meets early in Grammar-land, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frontispiece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Initials
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Waddy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dedicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.