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Grammar-land
Grammar-land

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Grammar-land is here in full — 82 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE NOMINATIVE CASE.
The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.
“What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”
“It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.
We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Grammar-land

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Grammar-land is here in full — 82 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NOMINATIVE CASE.
Line 2
The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.
Line 3
“What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”
/wʌt ɪz ðə ˈmætər æskt ðə dʒʌdʒ steɪt jɔːr keɪs ˈkwaɪətli/
Line 4
“It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.
Line 5
We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”
/wiː ʃʊd ɡet ɑːn ˈveri wel ɪf ˈpiːpəl wʊd ˈoʊnli maɪnd ðer oʊn ˈbɪznəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bustling adjective US /ˈbʌsəlɪŋ/

full of energetic and noisy activity

From this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

calling noun US /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

cross verb US /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

fault noun US /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading ““It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.”

Judge verb US /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading ““What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.””

justice noun US /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

loudly adverb US /ˈlaʊdli/

with relatively high volume

From this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

Verb noun US /vɜːrb/

the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

came bustling verb + adjective counted as “come bustling”

In this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

own business verb + noun

In this reading “We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.””

into the court preposition + article + noun counted as “into … court”

In this reading “The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

bustlingadjectiveUS /ˈbʌsəlɪŋ/

full of energetic and noisy activity

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

CASEnounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading THE NOMINATIVE CASE.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

faultnounUS /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

loudlyadverbUS /ˈlaʊdli/

with relatively high volume

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

NOMINATIVEadjective

serving as or indicating the subject of a verb and words identified with the subject of a copular verb

From this reading THE NOMINATIVE CASE.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

Pronoun's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

quietlyadverbUS /ˈkwaɪətli/

with low volume

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NOMINATIVE CASE.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “It is not _my_ case, it is Pronoun’s case, that is the matter,” answered Dr. Verb; “though I do not say it is his fault.

VerbnounUS /vɜːrb/

the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The next day, Dr. Verb came bustling into the court, looking very cross, and calling out loudly for justice.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading We should get on very well if people would only mind their own business.”

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “What is the matter?” asked the Judge; “state your case quietly.”

Chapter 12 of Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt holds 82 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Grammar-land contain?

Chapter 12 holds 82 sentences of Grammar-land, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 82 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Grammar-land?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Grammar-land

Common questions about reading Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Grammar-land?

Yes. All 1319 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66712 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Grammar-land is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66712, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Grammar-land take to read?

About 109 minutes of reading across 264 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Grammar-land section by section

How to work through Grammar-land section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Grammar-land to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Grammar-land

Words and structures a reader meets early in Grammar-land, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frontispiece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Initials
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Waddy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dedicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.