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Grammar-land

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Grammar-land is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Grammar-land
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PREPOSITION.
“_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.
Mr. Noun, are they yours?”
No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”
Dr. Verb, are they yours?”
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Grammar-land

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Grammar-land is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PREPOSITION.
Line 2
“_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.
/tuː frʌm ʌv fɔːr ˈoʊvər ˈʌndər ɑːn nɪr æt baɪ ɪn əˈmʌŋ bɪˈfɔːr bɪˈhaɪnd ʌp daʊn preɪ huː ɪz ðə ˈoʊnər ʌv ɔːl ðiːz ˈlɪtəl ˈkriːtʃərz sed dʒʌdʒ ˈɡræmər ðə nekst deɪ/
Line 3
Mr. Noun, are they yours?”
/ˈmɪstər naʊn ɑːr ðeɪ jʊrz/
Line 4
No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”
/noʊ ˌɪnˈdiːd maɪ lɔːrd ˈænsərd ˈmɪstər naʊn ðeɪ ɑːr nɑːt ðə neɪmz ʌv ˈeni wʌn ɔːr ˈeniθɪŋ ðæt aɪ ˈevər hɜːrd ʌv/
Line 5
Dr. Verb, are they yours?”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

creatures noun US /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

Grammar noun US /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

Judge verb US /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

names noun US /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading ““No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.””

Noun noun US /naʊn/

a content word that can be used to refer to a person, place, thing, quality, or action

From this reading ““Mr. Noun, are they yours?””

owner noun US /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

Pray verb US /preɪ/

address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

Verb noun US /vɜːrb/

the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading ““Dr. Verb, are they yours?””

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

ever heard adverb + adjective

In this reading ““No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.””

little creatures adjective + noun counted as “little creature”

In this reading ““_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “Mr. Noun, are they yours?”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Dr. Verb, are they yours?”

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

GrammarnounUS /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

lordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading “Mr. Noun, are they yours?”

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

NounnounUS /naʊn/

a content word that can be used to refer to a person, place, thing, quality, or action

From this reading “Mr. Noun, are they yours?”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

PrayverbUS /preɪ/

address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

PREPOSITIONnoun

a function word that combines with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to form a prepositional phrase that can have an adverbial or adjectival relation to some other word

From this reading PREPOSITION.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “No, indeed, my lord,” answered Mr. Noun, “they are not the names of any one or anything that I ever heard of.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “Mr. Noun, are they yours?”

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

VerbnounUS /vɜːrb/

the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading “Dr. Verb, are they yours?”

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading “_To_, _from_, _of_, _for_, _over_, _under_, _on_, _near_, _at_, _by_, _in_, _among_, _before_, _behind_, _up_, _down_---- Pray, who is the owner of all these little creatures?” said Judge Grammar, the next day.

yourspronounUS /jʊrz/

the one or ones belonging to the person spoken to

From this reading “Mr. Noun, are they yours?”

Chapter 14 of Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 14 holds 86 sentences of Grammar-land, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Grammar-land by M. L. Nesbitt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Vocabulary met early in Grammar-land

Words and structures a reader meets early in Grammar-land, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frontispiece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Initials
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Waddy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dedicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grammar-land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.