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Grandmother
Grandmother

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Grandmother is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Grandmother
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.
He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.
Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.
He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, if he does that.
The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Grandmother

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Grandmother is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.
Line 2
He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.
/hiː kəmˈpleɪnd ʌv noʊ peɪn ɔːr dɪˈstres bʌt hɪz ˈsteɪtli ˈfɪɡjər siːmd tuː ʃrɪŋk ənd hɪz hed ðæt hiː juːzd tuː hoʊld soʊ haɪ wɑːz naʊ baʊd ɑːn hɪz brest ənd hiː bɪˈɡæn tuː kriːp ənd ˈʃʌfəl ɪn hɪz wɔːk/
Line 3
Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.
/ˈwɪdoʊ piːs sed ðə tʃeɪndʒ hæd bɪˈɡʌn wen hiː keɪm bæk frʌm ðə veɪn sɜːrtʃ fɔːr hɪz ˈɡreɪsləs sʌn ənd aɪ θɪŋk ɪt wɑːz truː/
Line 4
He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.
Line 5
The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

complained verb US /kəmˈpleɪnd/

past form of “complain” — express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness

From this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

creep verb US /kriːp/

move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

distress noun US /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

graceless adjective US /ˈɡreɪsləs/

lacking graciousness

From this reading “Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.”

seventy adjective US /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading “The Merions don’t run much above seventy.””

shrink verb US /ʃrɪŋk/

wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

shuffle verb US /ˈʃʌfəl/

walk by dragging one's feet

From this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

stately adjective US /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

stately figure adjective + noun

In this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

came back verb + particle counted as “come back”

be restored

In this reading “Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.”

search for verb + particle

In this reading “Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.”

complained of verb + particle counted as “complain of”

In this reading “He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

bowedadjectiveUS /baʊd/

of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

breastnounUS /brest/

the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

complainedverbUS /kəmˈpleɪnd/

past form of “complain” — express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

creepverbUS /kriːp/

move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

distressnounUS /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

failverbUS /feɪl/

fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

gracelessadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsləs/

lacking graciousness

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

GRANDFATHERnounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðər/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

Merions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

PeacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

SANGnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

searchverbUS /sɜːrtʃ/

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

seventyadjectiveUS /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading The Merions don’t run much above seventy.”

SHEpronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

shrinkverbUS /ʃrɪŋk/

wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

shuffleverbUS /ˈʃʌfəl/

walk by dragging one's feet

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

SLEEPnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading HOW SHE SANG GRANDFATHER TO SLEEP GRANDFATHER began to fail.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He complained of no pain or distress; but his stately figure seemed to shrink, and his head that he used to hold so high was now bowed on his breast, and he began to creep and shuffle in his walk.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

WidownounUS /ˈwɪdoʊ/

a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading Widow Peace said the change had begun when he came back from the vain search for his graceless son, and I think it was true.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

won't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “He won’t more than last out the winter,” said Mrs. Peace, “if he does that.

Chapter 4 of Grandmother by Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards holds 124 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Grandmother contain?

Chapter 4 holds 124 sentences of Grandmother, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Grandmother by Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 124 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Grandmother?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Grandmother

Common questions about reading Grandmother by Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Grandmother?

Yes. All 1150 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51701 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Grandmother is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51701, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Grandmother take to read?

About 95 minutes of reading across 230 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Grandmother section by section

How to work through Grandmother section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Grandmother to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Grandmother

Words and structures a reader meets early in Grandmother, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Obvious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grandmother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Print
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grandmother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Punctuation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grandmother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Errors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grandmother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.