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Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland
Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HOME OF DR.
JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.
It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.
He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.
He vindicated the profession of letters.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HOME OF DR.
Line 2
JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.
Line 3
It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.
/ɪt hæz bɪn ˈtruːli sed ðæt noʊ ˈʌðər mæn wɑːz ˈevər səbˈdʒektɪd tuː sʌtʃ ə laɪt æz ˈbɑːzwel θruː əˈpɑːn ˈdʒɑːnsən ənd ðæt fjuː ˈʌðər men kʊd hæv enˈdjʊrd ɪt soʊ wel/
Line 4
He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.
/hiː wɑːz ɪn ˈmeni weɪz ˈnoʊbəl bʌt ʌv ɔːl men ʌv ˈletərz hiː ɪz əˈspeʃli ˈnoʊbəl æz ðə ˈtʃæmpiən ʌv ˈlɪtərətʃər/
Line 5
He vindicated the profession of letters.
/hiː ˈvɪndəkeɪtɪd ðə prəˈfeʃən ʌv ˈletərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

annals noun US /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading “JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.”

Boswell noun US /ˈbɑːzwel/

Scottish author noted for his biography of Samuel Johnson (1740-1795)

From this reading “It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.”

champion noun US /ˈtʃæmpiən/

someone who has won first place in a competition

From this reading “He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.”

endured verb US /enˈdjʊrd/

past form of “endure” — put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading “It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.”

Samuel noun US /ˈsæmjuːl/

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

From this reading “JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.”

significant adjective US /səɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

important in effect or meaning

From this reading “JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.”

subjected verb US /səbˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading “It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.”

vindicated adjective US /ˈvɪndəkeɪtɪd/

freed from any question of guilt

From this reading “He vindicated the profession of letters.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

many ways adjective + noun

In this reading “He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.”

other men adjective + noun

In this reading “It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.”

name of verb + particle

In this reading “JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.”

other man adjective + noun

In this reading “It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1890

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

31

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

annalsnounUS /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

BoswellnounUS /ˈbɑːzwel/

Scottish author noted for his biography of Samuel Johnson (1740-1795)

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

championnounUS /ˈtʃæmpiən/

someone who has won first place in a competition

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

DR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HOME OF DR.

enduredverbUS /enˈdjʊrd/

past form of “endure” — put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

HOMEnounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading THE HOME OF DR.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

JOHNSONnounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsən/

English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

JulynounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

Lichfield

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE HOME OF DR.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

professionnounUS /prəˈfeʃən/

the body of people in a learned occupation

From this reading He vindicated the profession of letters.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

SamuelnounUS /ˈsæmjuːl/

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

significantadjectiveUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

important in effect or meaning

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

Staffordshire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

subjectedverbUS /səbˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HOME OF DR.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading JOHNSON Lichfield, Staffordshire, July 31, 1890.--To a man of letters there is no name in the long annals of English literature more interesting and significant than the name of Samuel Johnson.

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

vindicatedadjectiveUS /ˈvɪndəkeɪtɪd/

freed from any question of guilt

From this reading He vindicated the profession of letters.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading He was in many ways noble, but of all men of letters he is especially noble as the champion of literature.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading It has been truly said that no other man was ever subjected to such a light as Boswell threw upon Johnson, and that few other men could have endured it so well.

Chapter 16 of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland by William Winter holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland contain?

Chapter 16 holds 109 sentences of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland by William Winter exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland

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Is this the complete text of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland?

Yes. All 2534 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56429 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56429, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 211 minutes of reading across 507 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland

Words and structures a reader meets early in Gray Days and Gold in England and Scotland, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Illustrated
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Edition
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Throughout
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