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Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa
Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.
When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.
According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.
Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.
This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.
Line 2
When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.
Line 3
According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.
/əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tuː ðə ˈkʌstəm ðə ʃɪp ˈhɔɪstəd ˈoʊnli blæk seɪlz wɪtʃ ˈθiːziːəs ˈprɑːməst tuː tʃeɪndʒ fɔːr waɪt wʌnz wen hiː rɪˈtɜːrnd ənˈhɑːrmd ˈhævɪŋ sleɪn ðə ˈmɑːnstər/
Line 4
Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.
Line 5
This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.
/ðɪs ˈdʒaɪənt wɑːz ə ˈveri ɪˈfektɪv ˈɡɑːrdiən ʌv ðə ˈaɪlənd ənd kept ɔːf ɔːl ˈstreɪndʒərz huː hæd noʊ ˈbɪznəs əˈlɔːŋ ðæt koʊst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cinders noun US /ˈsɪndərz/

plural of “cinder” — a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire

From this reading “Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.”

Crete noun US /kriːt/

the largest Greek island in the Mediterranean; site of the Minoan civilization that reached its peak in 1600 BC

From this reading “When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.”

labyrinth noun US /ˈlæbərɪnθ/

complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost

From this reading “Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.”

slaying noun US /ˈsleɪɪŋ/

unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being

From this reading “Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.”

Theseus noun US /ˈθiːziːəs/

(Greek mythology) a hero and king of Athens who was noted for his many great deeds: killed Procrustes and the Minotaur and defeated the Amazons and united Attica

From this reading “Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.”

unharmed adjective US /ənˈhɑːrmd/

not injured or harmed

From this reading “According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.”

voyagers noun US /ˈvɔɪɪdʒərz/

plural of “voyager” — a traveler to a distant land (especially one who travels by sea)

From this reading “Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.”

yearly noun US /ˈjɪrli/

a reference book that is published regularly once every year

From this reading “Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

AccordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

befellverbUS /bɪˈfel/

inflected form of “befall” — become of; happen to

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

brassnounUS /bræs/

an alloy of copper and zinc

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

burntadjectiveUS /bɜːrnt/

ruined by overcooking

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

cindersnounUS /ˈsɪndərz/

plural of “cinder” — a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

CretenounUS /kriːt/

the largest Greek island in the Mediterranean; site of the Minoan civilization that reached its peak in 1600 BC

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

effectiveadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪv/

producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

embraceverbUS /emˈbreɪs/

include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

exactadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzækt/

Strictly particular and correct.

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

guardiannounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiən/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

hoistedverbUS /ˈhɔɪstəd/

past form of “hoist” — raise or haul up with or as if with mechanical help

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

intentionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃən/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

labyrinthnounUS /ˈlæbərɪnθ/

complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

maidensnounUS /ˈmeɪdənz/

plural of “maiden” — an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

Minotaurnoun

(Greek mythology) a mythical monster with the head of a bull and the body of a man; slain by Theseus

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

monsternounUS /ˈmɑːnstər/

an imaginary creature usually having various human and animal parts

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

NothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

PartnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

persuadeverbUS /pərˈsweɪd/

win approval or support for

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

promisedverbUS /ˈprɑːməst/

past form of “promise” — make a promise or commitment

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

sacrificenounUS /ˈsækrəfaɪs/

the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

sailsnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

slainnounUS /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

slayingnounUS /ˈsleɪɪŋ/

unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

Talusnoun

a sloping mass of loose rocks at the base of a cliff

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

TheseusnounUS /ˈθiːziːəs/

(Greek mythology) a hero and king of Athens who was noted for his many great deeds: killed Procrustes and the Minotaur and defeated the Amazons and united Attica

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

tributenounUS /ˈtrɪbjuːt/

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

unharmedadjectiveUS /ənˈhɑːrmd/

not injured or harmed

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading This giant was a very effective guardian of the island, and kept off all strangers who had no business along that coast.

victimnounUS /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

victimsnounUS /ˈvɪktəmz/

plural of “victim” — an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

voyagersnounUS /ˈvɔɪɪdʒərz/

plural of “voyager” — a traveler to a distant land (especially one who travels by sea)

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading According to the custom, the ship hoisted only black sails, which Theseus promised to change for white ones when he returned unharmed, having slain the monster.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Nothing befell the voyagers until they reached the coast of Crete, but here the ship was stopped by the giant Talus, whose body was made of brass and was always so red hot that if he held any one in his embrace, the victim was burnt to cinders.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

yearlynounUS /ˈjɪrli/

a reference book that is published regularly once every year

From this reading Theseus Part II When Theseus heard the story of the Minotaur and its wonderful labyrinth, he determined that it should no longer exact its yearly tribute of human lives, for he would offer himself as one of the victims and end the terrible sacrifice by slaying the monster.

youthsnounUS /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading When he announced this intention to his father, the king sought to persuade him to remain at home; but Theseus joined the youths and maidens who had been chosen by lot to go to Crete, and they set sail for the country of the Minotaur.

Chapter 31 of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa by Classical Greek & Roman Sagas (Hesiod, Ovid & Homer) holds 77 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa contain?

Chapter 31 holds 77 sentences of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa by Classical Greek & Roman Sagas (Hesiod, Ovid & Homer) exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 77 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Perseus and the Gorgon Medusa, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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