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Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland
Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland
Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.
This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.
It was feared he might be killed.
This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.
Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.
Line 2
This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.
Line 3
It was feared he might be killed.
/ɪt wɑːz fɪrd hiː maɪt biː kɪld/
Line 4
This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.
Line 5
Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.
/nɑːt ə mæn keɪm wɪˈðɪn hɪz riːtʃ bʌt wɑːz sent ˈriːlɪŋ bæk ɔːr wɑːz feld tuː ðə ɡraʊnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assailants noun US /əˈseɪlənts/

plural of “assailant” — someone who attacks

From this reading “This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.”

assaulted verb US /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading “This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.”

catches noun US /ˈkætʃəz/

plural of “catch” — a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident

From this reading “This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.”

felled verb US /feld/

past form of “fell” — cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading “Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.”

insulting adjective US /ˌɪnˈsʌltɪŋ/

expressing extreme contempt

From this reading “Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.”

planting noun US /ˈplæntɪŋ/

the act of fixing firmly in place

From this reading “This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.”

reeling verb US /ˈriːlɪŋ/

-ing form of “reel” — walk as if unable to control one's movements

From this reading “Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.”

uproar noun US /ˈʌprɔːr/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading “This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

poured forth verb + particle counted as “pour forth”

pour out in drops or small quantities or as if in drops or small quantities

In this reading “Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.”

young man adjective + noun

a teenager or a young adult male

In this reading “Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.”

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.”

threw stones verb + noun counted as “throw stone”

In this reading “This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.”

reeling back verb + particle counted as “reel back”

In this reading “Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.”

lay hands verb + noun

In this reading “This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.”

fell on verb + particle

In this reading “This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

aloftadverbUS /əˈlɔːft/

at or on or to the masthead or upper rigging of a ship

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

assailantsnounUS /əˈseɪlənts/

plural of “assailant” — someone who attacks

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

assaultedverbUS /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was feared he might be killed.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

blowsnounUS /bloʊz/

plural of “blow” — a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

catnounUS /kæt/

feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

catchesnounUS /ˈkætʃəz/

plural of “catch” — a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

fearedverbUS /fɪrd/

past form of “fear” — be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading It was feared he might be killed.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

felledverbUS /feld/

past form of “fell” — cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

Grettir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

guardedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

Icelandernoun

a native or inhabitant of Iceland

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

insultingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsʌltɪŋ/

expressing extreme contempt

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was feared he might be killed.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading It was feared he might be killed.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It was feared he might be killed.

mobnounUS /mɑːb/

a disorderly crowd of people

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

mousenounUS /maʊs/

any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

nailsnounUS /neɪlz/

plural of “nail” — horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

plantingnounUS /ˈplæntɪŋ/

the act of fixing firmly in place

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

pouredverbUS /pɔːrd/

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

reelingverbUS /ˈriːlɪŋ/

-ing form of “reel” — walk as if unable to control one's movements

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

shooknounUS /ʃʊk/

a disassembled barrel; the parts packed for storage or shipment

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

shoutingnounUS /ˈʃaʊtɪŋ/

encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

sleevesnounUS /sliːvz/

plural of “sleeve” — the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

sticksnounUS /stɪks/

plural of “stick” — an implement consisting of a length of wood

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

stunnedadjectiveUS /stʌnd/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

Thereupon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

uproarnounUS /ˈʌprɔːr/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading This was more than the Icelander could bear; he caught the young man, as a cat catches a mouse, held him aloft, shook him, and then threw him away, when he fell on the ground and was stunned.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This act gave occasion to a general uproar; the mob wanted to lay hands on Grettir; some threw stones, others assaulted him with sticks; but he, planting his back against the church wall, turned up his sleeves, guarded off the blows, shouting to his assailants to come on.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Not a man came within his reach but was sent reeling back or was felled to the ground.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Thereupon the young man sprang at Grettir and drove his nails into his face so that they drew blood; at the same time he poured forth against him a stream of insulting names.

Chapter 4 of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould holds 449 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland contain?

Chapter 4 holds 449 sentences of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 449 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland

Common questions about reading Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland?

Yes. All 3129 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48622 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #48622, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland take to read?

About 260 minutes of reading across 626 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland

Words and structures a reader meets early in Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Herring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mehalah
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Iceland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grettir the Outlaw: A Story of Iceland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.