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Grif: A Story of Australian Life
Grif: A Story of Australian Life

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Grif: A Story of Australian Life is here in full — 245 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.
The world is full of shams.
As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.
And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.
The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Grif: A Story of Australian Life

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Grif: A Story of Australian Life is here in full — 245 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.
/ə ˈbæŋkwət ɪz ˈɡɪvən tuː ðə ˈmɔːrəl ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/
Line 2
The world is full of shams.
Line 3
As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.
Line 4
And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.
Line 5
The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

entertainments noun US /ˌentərˈteɪnmənts/

plural of “entertainment” — an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention

From this reading “And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.”

likened verb US /ˈlaɪkənd/

past form of “liken” — consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous

From this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

multiply verb US /ˈmʌltəplaɪ/

combine by multiplication

From this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

nineteenth adjective US /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

overlaid verb US /ˈoʊvərleɪd/

inflected form of “overlay” — put something on top of something else

From this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

precedence noun US /ˈpresədəns/

status established in order of importance or urgency

From this reading “And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.”

ranked adjective US /ræŋkt/

arranged in a sequence of grades or ranks

From this reading “And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.”

sham noun US /ʃæm/

something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be

From this reading “And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nineteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

human nature adjective + noun

the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings

In this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

takes precedence verb + noun counted as “take precedence”

In this reading “And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.”

public dinners noun + noun counted as “public dinner”

In this reading “And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.”

little room adjective + noun

In this reading “As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

advancesnounUS /ədˈvænsəz/

plural of “advance” — a movement forward

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

BANQUETnounUS /ˈbæŋkwət/

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

contemplateverbUS /ˈkɑːntəmpleɪt/

look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

crustnounUS /krʌst/

the outer layer of the Earth

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

dinnersnounUS /ˈdɪnərz/

plural of “dinner” — the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

dreadfuladjectiveUS /ˈdredfəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

entertainmentsnounUS /ˌentərˈteɪnmənts/

plural of “entertainment” — an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

fibs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The world is full of shams.

GIVENadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

GuestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

hostnounUS /hoʊst/

a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

insideadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on the side closer to the center or within a defined space

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

lieutenantnounUS /luːˈtenənt/

a commissioned military officer

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

likenedverbUS /ˈlaɪkənd/

past form of “liken” — consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

MERCHANTnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

MORALadjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

multiplyverbUS /ˈmʌltəplaɪ/

combine by multiplication

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The world is full of shams.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

overlaidverbUS /ˈoʊvərleɪd/

inflected form of “overlay” — put something on top of something else

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

pienounUS /paɪ/

dish baked in pastry-lined pan often with a pastry top

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

precedencenounUS /ˈpresədəns/

status established in order of importance or urgency

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

rankedadjectiveUS /ræŋkt/

arranged in a sequence of grades or ranks

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

shamnounUS /ʃæm/

something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

shamelessnessnoun

behavior marked by a bold defiance of the proprieties and lack of shame

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

shams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The world is full of shams.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

speechesnounUS /ˈspiːtʃəz/

plural of “speech” — the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A BANQUET IS GIVEN TO THE MORAL MERCHANT.

toastverbUS /toʊst/

make brown and crisp by heating

From this reading And as a chief lieutenant of shams--as a sham which takes precedence of a host of other shams, from its very shamelessness, may be ranked the toast of Our Guest, or Our Host, proposed at public dinners and entertainments.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

unblushingadjective

feeling no shame

From this reading The unblushing fibs told in the speeches are dreadful to contemplate.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As civilization advances, shams increase and multiply; indeed, they multiply so fast that human nature in the nineteenth century might be likened to a pie, with very little room inside for the fruit, so thick is the crust of shams with which it is overlaid.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The world is full of shams.

Chapter 9 of Grif: A Story of Australian Life by B. L. (Benjamin Leopold) Farjeon holds 245 sentences, grouped into 49 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Grif: A Story of Australian Life contain?

Chapter 9 holds 245 sentences of Grif: A Story of Australian Life, unabridged, divided into 49 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Grif: A Story of Australian Life by B. L. (Benjamin Leopold) Farjeon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 245 sentences, grouped into 49 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Grif: A Story of Australian Life?

Work through the 49 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 49 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Grif: A Story of Australian Life

Common questions about reading Grif: A Story of Australian Life by B. L. (Benjamin Leopold) Farjeon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Grif: A Story of Australian Life?

Yes. All 7559 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45919 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Grif: A Story of Australian Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45919, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Grif: A Story of Australian Life take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1512 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Grif: A Story of Australian Life section by section

How to work through Grif: A Story of Australian Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Grif: A Story of Australian Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Grif: A Story of Australian Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Grif: A Story of Australian Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Relates
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grif: A Story of Australian Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Experiences
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grif: A Story of Australian Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thickly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grif: A Story of Australian Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Populated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Grif: A Story of Australian Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.