Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)
Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)

Chapter XXV

Chapter 25 of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.
This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.
But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.
It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.
If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)

Chapter XXV

Chapter 25 of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.
Line 2
This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.
Line 3
But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.
Line 4
It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.
/ɪt rests ˌɪnˈdiːd ɑːn æn ˈestəmət ʌv pəˈblɪsəti ðæt hæz bɪˈkʌm ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/
Line 5
If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.
/ɪf ˈpɜːrsənz əˈbaʊt tuː ˈmeri wɜːr kəmˈpeld tuː ˌɪnˈskraɪb ðer neɪmz ənd dɪˈskrɪpʃənz ɪn ə ˌmætrəˈmoʊniəl ˈwiːkli ɡəˈzet ənd ə ˈkɑːpi ʌv ðɪs wɜːr pleɪst ɑːn ə desk ɪn ten ˈθaʊzənd ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz pərˈhæps wiː maɪt stɑːp wʌn ˈleɪdi pɜːr ˈænəm frʌm ˈmeriɪŋ hɜːr ˈhʌzbəndz ˈbrʌðər ənd wʌn ˈdʒentəlmən frʌm ˈwedɪŋ hɪz ˈneɪbərz waɪf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allege verb US /əˈledʒ/

report or maintain

From this reading “It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.”

annum noun US /ˈænəm/

(Latin) year

From this reading “If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.”

impediment noun US /ˌɪmˈpedəmənt/

something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress

From this reading “It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.”

inscribe verb US /ˌɪnˈskraɪb/

carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface

From this reading “If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.”

Matrimonial adjective US /ˌmætrəˈmoʊniəl/

of or relating to the state of marriage

From this reading “If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.”

neighbour's noun US /ˈneɪbərz/

possessive form of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading “If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.”

precautionary adjective US /prɪˈkɔːʃəneri/

taken in advance to protect against possible danger or failure

From this reading “But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.”

thirteenth adjective US /ˈθɜːr.tiːnθ/

Constituting number thirteen in a sequence.

From this reading “But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

per annum preposition + noun

by the year; every year (usually with reference to a sum of money paid or received)

In this reading “If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.”

thirteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.”

middle ages noun + noun counted as “middle age”

the time of life between youth and old age (e.g., between 40 and 60 years of age)

In this reading “This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.”

ten thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one thousand

In this reading “If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.”

hundred years noun + noun

In this reading “It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.”

modern days adjective + noun

In this reading “But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.”

come down verb + adjective

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

In this reading “But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.”

other words adjective + noun

In this reading “But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

allegeverbUS /əˈledʒ/

report or maintain

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

annumnounUS /ˈænəm/

(Latin) year

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

bannsnoun

a public announcement of a proposed marriage

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

childishadjectiveUS /ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/

indicating a lack of maturity

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

churchesnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

descriptionsnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃənz/

plural of “description” — a statement that represents something in words

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

desirableadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

desknounUS /desk/

a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

estimatenounUS /ˈestəmət/

an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

forbidverbUS /fərˈbɪd/

command against

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

forbiddenadjectiveUS /fərˈbɪd.ən/

Not allowed; banned or prohibited by rule or law.

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

GazettenounUS /ɡəˈzet/

a newspaper or official journal

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

husband'snounUS /ˈhʌzbəndz/

possessive form of “husband” — a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

impedimentnounUS /ˌɪmˈpedəmənt/

something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

improperadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɑːpər/

not suitable or right or appropriate

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

inadequateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnædəkwət/

lacking the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

inscribeverbUS /ˌɪnˈskraɪb/

carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

interruptedadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈʌptɪd/

discontinued temporarily

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

marriagesnounUS /ˈmerɪdʒɪz/

plural of “marriage” — the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

marryverbUS /ˈmeri/

take in marriage

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

marryingverbUS /ˈmeriɪŋ/

-ing form of “marry” — take in marriage

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

MatrimonialadjectiveUS /ˌmætrəˈmoʊniəl/

of or relating to the state of marriage

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

neighbour'snounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

possessive form of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

ordainedadjectiveUS /ɔːrˈdeɪnd/

fixed or established especially by order or command

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

partiesnounUS /ˈpɑːrtiz/

plural of “party” — an organization to gain political power

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

perprepositionUS /pɜːr/

for each

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

precautionnounUS /priˈkɔːʃən/

a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

precautionaryadjectiveUS /prɪˈkɔːʃəneri/

taken in advance to protect against possible danger or failure

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

priestnounUS /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

publicitynounUS /pəˈblɪsəti/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

restsnounUS /rests/

plural of “rest” — something left after other parts have been taken away

From this reading It rests, indeed, on an estimate of publicity, that has become childish.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

solemnized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

SundaysnounUS /ˈsʌndeɪz/

plural of “sunday” — first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

thirteenthadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːr.tiːnθ/

Constituting number thirteen in a sequence.

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

unionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

uselessadjectiveUS /ˈjuːsləs/

having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

weddingnounUS /ˈwedɪŋ/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

WeeklynounUS /ˈwiːkli/

a periodical that is published every week (or 52 issues per year)

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading This precaution was feeble, but not wholly inadequate--in the middle ages; for we know by good evidence that the priest was often interrupted and the banns forbidden.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading If persons about to marry were compelled to inscribe their names and descriptions in a Matrimonial Weekly Gazette, and a copy of this were placed on a desk in ten thousand churches, perhaps we might stop one lady per annum from marrying her husband's brother, and one gentleman from wedding his neighbour's wife.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading But in modern days the banns are never forbidden: in other words, the precautionary measure that has come down to us from the thirteenth century is out of date and useless.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading It is desirable that improper marriages should never be solemnized: and the Christian Church saw this many hundred years ago, and ordained that before a marriage, the banns should be cried in a church three Sundays, and any person there present might forbid the union of the parties, and allege the just impediment.

Chapter 25 of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) by Charles Reade holds 132 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 25 of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 25 holds 132 sentences of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 25 of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) by Charles Reade exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 132 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 25 of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 25 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 25 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)

Common questions about reading Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) by Charles Reade on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)?

Yes. All 8478 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57685 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57685, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1696 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) section by section

How to work through Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Priest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Never
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Darken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Griffith Gaunt: Volumes 1 to 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.