Chapter VI · Chapter 6

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

in addition

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

plural of “ax” — an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

a grain of barley

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a general name for alcoholic beverages made by fermenting a cereal (or mixture of cereals) flavored with hops

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a bowling game played on a level lawn with biased wooden balls that are rolled at a jack

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a town in Kent in southeastern England; site of the cathedral where Thomas a Becket was martyred in 1170; seat of the archbishop and primate of the Anglican Church

From this reading CHAUCER, _Canterbury Pilgrims_.

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

English poet remembered as author of the Canterbury Tales (1340-1400)

From this reading CHAUCER, _Canterbury Pilgrims_.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

plural of “cup” — a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

plural of “dish” — a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

set up or found

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

a social unit living together

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

plural of “implement” — instrumentation (a piece of equipment or tool) used to effect an end

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

plural of “kettle” — a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

a shaped mass of baked bread that is usually sliced before eating

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

plural of “mattock” — a kind of pick that is used for digging; has a flat blade set at right angles to the handle

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

linens for the dining table

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

held or filled or in use

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

any of various alloys of tin with small amounts of other metals (especially lead)

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

dish baked in pastry-lined pan often with a pastry top

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

a separate part of a whole

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading CHAUCER, _Canterbury Pilgrims_.

plural of “pitcher” — (baseball) the person who does the pitching

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

plural of “ploughshare” — a sharp steel wedge that cuts loose the top layer of soil

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

perfected or made shiny and smooth

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

past form of “range” — change or be different within limits

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

Plural of shelf; the vast wooden or stone structures holding archives.

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

a place of worship hallowed by association with some sacred thing or person

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

small or little relative to something else

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

dependable

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

in or at that place or location

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Shelves all round the walls shone with pewter and copper dishes, cups, kettles, and vessels and implements of all household varieties, and ranged round the floor lay ploughshares, axes, and mattocks, all polished up.

migratory

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading THE PILGRIM OF SALISBURY She hadde passed many a strange shrine, At Rome she had been and at Boleine, At Galice, at St. James, and at Coleine, She could moche of wandering by the way.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

of or relating to or derived from wheat

From this reading A pie and a large piece of bacon, also a loaf of barley bread and a smaller wheaten one, were there.

in or at the place that

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

in the company of; together with

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.

made or consisting of (entirely or in part) or employing wood

From this reading GRISELL found herself brought into a hall where a stout oak table occupied the centre, covered with home-spun napery, on which stood trenchers, wooden bowls, pewter and a few silver cups, and several large pitchers of ale, small beer, or milk.