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Growth of the Soil
Growth of the Soil

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Growth of the Soil is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Growth of the Soil
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?
Man, a human being, the first that came here.
There was no path before he came.
Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.
Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Growth of the Soil

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Growth of the Soil is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?
Line 2
Man, a human being, the first that came here.
/mæn ə ˈhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋ ðə fɜːrst ðæt keɪm hiːr/
Line 3
There was no path before he came.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ pæθ bɪˈfɔːr hiː keɪm/
Line 4
Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.
/ˈæftərwərd sʌm biːst ɔːr ˈʌðər ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ðə feɪnt træks ˈoʊvər mɑːrʃ ənd ˈmʊrlænd ˈwerɪŋ ðem ˈdiːpər ˈæftər ðiːz əˈɡen sʌm læp ɡeɪnd sɛnt ʌv ðə pæθ ənd tʊk ðæt weɪ frʌm fiːld tuː fiːld ˈlʊkɪŋ tuː hɪz ˈreɪndɪr/
Line 5
Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Lapp noun US /læp/

a member of an indigenous nomadic people living in northern Scandinavia and herding reindeer

From this reading “Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.”

marsh noun US /mɑːrʃ/

low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading “Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.”

moorland noun US /ˈmʊrlænd/

open land usually with peaty soil covered with heather and bracken and moss

From this reading “Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.”

moors noun US /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading “The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?”

reindeer noun US /ˈreɪndɪr/

Arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called “reindeer” in Eurasia and “caribou” in North America

From this reading “Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.”

tracks noun US /træks/

plural of “track” — a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading “Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.”

tracts noun US /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading “Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.”

trod verb US /trɑːd/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading “The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Man, a human being, the first that came here.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

AfterwardadverbUS /ˈæftərwərd/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

Almenning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

beastnounUS /biːst/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading There was no path before he came.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Man, a human being, the first that came here.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

deeperadverbUS /ˈdiːpər/

comparative of “deeply” — to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

faintadjectiveUS /feɪnt/

deficient in magnitude; barely perceptible; lacking clarity or brightness or loudness etc

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There was no path before he came.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Man, a human being, the first that came here.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Man, a human being, the first that came here.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

LappnounUS /læp/

a member of an indigenous nomadic people living in northern Scandinavia and herding reindeer

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

MannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Man, a human being, the first that came here.

marshnounUS /mɑːrʃ/

low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

moorlandnounUS /ˈmʊrlænd/

open land usually with peaty soil covered with heather and bracken and moss

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

moorsnounUS /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no path before he came.

no-man's-land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading There was no path before he came.

reindeernounUS /ˈreɪndɪr/

Arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called “reindeer” in Eurasia and “caribou” in North America

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

scentnounUS /sɛnt/

A distinctive smell or aroma.

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Man, a human being, the first that came here.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no path before he came.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

tracksnounUS /træks/

plural of “track” — a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

tractsnounUS /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

trodverbUS /trɑːd/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no path before he came.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

wearingnounUS /ˈwerɪŋ/

(geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it)

From this reading Afterward, some beast or other, following the faint tracks over marsh and moorland, wearing them deeper; after these again some Lapp gained scent of the path, and took that way from field to field, looking to his reindeer.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The long, long road over the moors and up into the forest--who trod it into being first of all?

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Thus was made the road through the great Almenning--the common tracts without an owner; no-man's-land.

Chapter 1 of Growth of the Soil by Knut Hamsun holds 193 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Growth of the Soil contain?

Chapter 1 holds 193 sentences of Growth of the Soil, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Growth of the Soil by Knut Hamsun exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 193 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Growth of the Soil?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Growth of the Soil

Common questions about reading Growth of the Soil by Knut Hamsun on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Growth of the Soil?

Yes. All 9383 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #10984 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Growth of the Soil is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #10984, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Growth of the Soil take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1877 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Growth of the Soil section by section

How to work through Growth of the Soil section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Growth of the Soil

Words and structures a reader meets early in Growth of the Soil, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Moors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Growth of the Soil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forest--who
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Growth of the Soil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Growth of the Soil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Growth of the Soil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.