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H. R.
H. R.

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of H. R. is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for H. R.
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!
_Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.
Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!
They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.
They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

H. R.

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of H. R. is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!
Line 2
_Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.
/iːt wen hiː sed iːt men eɪt/
Line 3
Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!
Line 4
They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.
/ðeɪ flʌŋ ðemˈselvz ɑːn ðə fuːd laɪk waɪld biːsts ənd meɪd ˈænəməl ˈnɔɪzɪz ɪn ðer θroʊts/
Line 5
They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.
/ðeɪ dɪsˈdeɪnd fɔːrks naɪvz ənd spuːnz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commanding adjective US /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading “Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!”

disdained verb US /dɪsˈdeɪnd/

past form of “disdain” — look down on with disdain

From this reading “They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.”

forks noun US /fɔːrks/

plural of “fork” — cutlery used for serving and eating food

From this reading “They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.”

knives noun US /naɪvz/

plural of “knife” — edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle

From this reading “They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.”

noises noun US /ˈnɔɪzɪz/

plural of “noise” — sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading “They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.”

obeyed verb US /oʊˈbeɪd/

past form of “obey” — be obedient to

From this reading “Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!”

spoons noun US /spuːnz/

plural of “spoon” — a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading “They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.”

throats noun US /θroʊts/

plural of “throat” — the passage to the stomach and lungs; in the front part of the neck below the chin and above the collarbone

From this reading “They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wild beasts adjective + noun counted as “wild beast”

In this reading “They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.”

moral effect adjective + noun

In this reading “Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!”

All words in this reading · 44

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

atenounUS /eɪt/

goddess of criminal rashness and its punishment

From this reading _Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

beastsnounUS /biːsts/

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

disdainedverbUS /dɪsˈdeɪnd/

past form of “disdain” — look down on with disdain

From this reading They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.

Don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

EatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading _Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

flungverbUS /flʌŋ/

inflected form of “fling” — throw with force or recklessness

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

forgetverbUS /fərˈɡet/

dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

forksnounUS /fɔːrks/

plural of “fork” — cutlery used for serving and eating food

From this reading They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

knivesnounUS /naɪvz/

plural of “knife” — edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle

From this reading They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading _Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

noisesnounUS /ˈnɔɪzɪz/

plural of “noise” — sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

obeyedverbUS /oʊˈbeɪd/

past form of “obey” — be obedient to

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading _Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.

sandwich-men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

spoonsnounUS /spuːnz/

plural of “spoon” — a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading They disdained forks, knives, and spoons.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Don't forget the moral effect of commanding and being obeyed!

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

throatsnounUS /θroʊts/

plural of “throat” — the passage to the stomach and lungs; in the front part of the neck below the chin and above the collarbone

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading _Eat!_" When he said eat, men ate.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading They flung themselves on the food like wild beasts, and made animal noises in their throats.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading "May God be good to us sandwich-men again this year!

Chapter 4 of H. R. by Edwin Lefevre holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of H. R. contain?

Chapter 4 holds 402 sentences of H. R., unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of H. R. by Edwin Lefevre exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of H. R.?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading H. R.

Common questions about reading H. R. by Edwin Lefevre on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of H. R.?

Yes. All 6815 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33314 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of H. R. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33314, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does H. R. take to read?

About 567 minutes of reading across 1363 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read H. R. section by section

How to work through H. R. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of H. R. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in H. R.

Words and structures a reader meets early in H. R., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sampson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of H. R.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Street
A word that appears in the opening chapter of H. R.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of H. R.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dedicating
A word that appears in the opening chapter of H. R.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.