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Hagar
Hagar

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Hagar is here in full — 178 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Hagar
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.
It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.
The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.
Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.
Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hagar

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Hagar is here in full — 178 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.
/ðə dɪˈsent ʌv mæn ə puːl ʌv dʒuːn ˈsʌnlaɪt leɪ ɑːn ðə ˈlaɪbreriː flɔːr/
Line 2
It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.
Line 3
The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.
Line 4
Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.
Line 5
Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Flanking verb US /ˈflæŋkɪŋ/

-ing form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading “Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.”

frames noun US /freɪmz/

plural of “frame” — the framework for a pair of eyeglasses

From this reading “Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.”

mahogany noun US /məˈhɑːɡəni/

wood of any of various mahogany trees; much used for cabinetwork and furniture

From this reading “The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.”

mellow adjective US /ˈmeloʊ/

unhurried and relaxed

From this reading “The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.”

oval noun US /ˈoʊvəl/

a closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it

From this reading “Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.”

Revolutionary adjective US /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading “Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.”

silhouettes noun US /ˌsɪləˈwets/

plural of “silhouette” — an outline of a solid object (as cast by its shadow)

From this reading “Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.”

veritable adjective US /ˈverɪtəbəl/

often used as intensifiers

From this reading “It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

lay on verb + particle

In this reading “THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

Ashendyne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

Ashendynes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

bank-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

BeneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

book-lined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

calfnounUS /kæf/

young of domestic cattle

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

cartes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

DESCENTnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

dozennounUS /ˈdʌzən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

duskinessnoun

the state of being poorly illuminated

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

FlankingverbUS /ˈflæŋkɪŋ/

-ing form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

frameverbUS /freɪm/

enclose in or as if in a frame

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

framesnounUS /freɪmz/

plural of “frame” — the framework for a pair of eyeglasses

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

giltadjectiveUS /ɡɪlt/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

librarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

mahoganynounUS /məˈhɑːɡəni/

wood of any of various mahogany trees; much used for cabinetwork and furniture

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

MANnounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

mellowadjectiveUS /ˈmeloʊ/

unhurried and relaxed

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

ovalnounUS /ˈoʊvəl/

a closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

photographsnounUS /ˈfoʊtəɡræfs/

plural of “photograph” — a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide or in digital format

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

poolnounUS /puːl/

an excavation that is (usually) filled with water

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

portraitsnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrəts/

plural of “portrait” — a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

RevolutionaryadjectiveUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

silhouettesnounUS /ˌsɪləˈwets/

plural of “silhouette” — an outline of a solid object (as cast by its shadow)

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

Siloam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

sunlightnounUS /ˈsʌnlaɪt/

the rays of the sun

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DESCENT OF MAN A pool of June sunlight lay on the library floor.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

veritableadjectiveUS /ˈverɪtəbəl/

often used as intensifiers

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Flanking each case hung Ashendyne portraits, in oval, very old gilt frames.

visite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Beneath three of these were fixed silhouettes of Revolutionary Ashendynes; beneath the others, war photographs, _cartes de visite_, a dozen in one frame.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The room was by no means book-lined, but there were four tall mahogany cases, one against each wall, well filled for the most part with mellow calf.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It made a veritable Pool of Siloam, with all around a brown, bank-like duskiness.

Chapter 3 of Hagar by Mary Johnston holds 178 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Hagar contain?

Chapter 3 holds 178 sentences of Hagar, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Hagar by Mary Johnston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 178 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Hagar?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Hagar

Common questions about reading Hagar by Mary Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hagar?

Yes. All 7469 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49772 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hagar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49772, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hagar take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1494 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hagar section by section

How to work through Hagar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 34 chapters of Hagar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Hagar

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hagar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hagar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Until
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hagar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heads
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hagar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Touched
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hagar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.