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Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1
Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!
A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.
Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.
They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.
The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!
Line 2
A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.
/ə ˈpʌblɪk ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən ɔːr ə ˈduːəl ɪz ə ˈfoʊkəs wer ˈbɜːrnɪŋ ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti ˈkɑːnsəntreɪts ɪn ðə ˈlætər keɪs ˈaɪərlənd berz ðə pɑːm fɔːr ə kraʊd ɪn ðə ˈfɔːrmər ðə ˈænəlz ʌv ðə oʊld ˈbeɪli kæn ˈæmpli ˈtestəfaɪ/
Line 3
Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.
/ˈaɪərlənd hæz ɪts oʊn ˈɪntrəst tuː ɪn ə pleɪs ʌv ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən bʌt nɑːt ɪn ðə seɪm dɪˈɡriː æz ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 4
They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.
Line 5
The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aggravates verb US /ˈæɡrəveɪts/

third-person singular of “aggravate” — make worse

From this reading “After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!”

applies verb US /əˈplaɪz/

third-person singular of “apply” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading “They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.”

concentrates noun US /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪts/

plural of “concentrate” — the desired mineral that is left after impurities have been removed from mined ore

From this reading “A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.”

congregate verb US /ˈkɑːŋɡrəɡeɪt/

come together, usually for a purpose

From this reading “After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!”

focus noun US /ˈfoʊkəs/

the concentration of attention or energy on something

From this reading “A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.”

gentlest adjective US /ˈdʒentələst/

superlative of “gentle” — soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading “After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!”

piquant adjective US /ˈpiːkənt/

having an agreeably pungent taste

From this reading “They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.”

shorn adjective US /ʃɔːrn/

having the hair or wool cut or clipped off as if with shears or clippers

From this reading “The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

aggravatesverbUS /ˈæɡrəveɪts/

third-person singular of “aggravate” — make worse

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

amplyadverbUS /ˈæmpli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

annalsnounUS /ˈænəlz/

reports of the work of a society or learned body etc

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

appliesverbUS /əˈplaɪz/

third-person singular of “apply” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

BaileynounUS /ˈbeɪli/

United States singer (1918-1990)

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

bearsnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

calamitynounUS /kəˈlæməti/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

concentratesnounUS /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪts/

plural of “concentrate” — the desired mineral that is left after impurities have been removed from mined ore

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

congregateverbUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəɡeɪt/

come together, usually for a purpose

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

curiositynounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/

a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

duelnounUS /ˈduːəl/

a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

focusnounUS /ˈfoʊkəs/

the concentration of attention or energy on something

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

friendlyadjectiveUS /ˈfrendli/

characteristic of or befitting a friend

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

gallowsnounUS /ˈɡæloʊz/

an instrument of execution consisting of a wooden frame from which a condemned person is executed by hanging

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

gentlestadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentələst/

superlative of “gentle” — soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

hangingnounUS /ˈhæŋɪŋ/

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

palmnounUS /pɑːm/

the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

palmyadjective

very lively and profitable

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

partingnounUS /ˈpɑːrtɪŋ/

the act of departing politely

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

pastimenounUS /ˈpæstaɪm/

a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

perdrix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

piquantadjectiveUS /ˈpiːkənt/

having an agreeably pungent taste

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

pronounUS /proʊ/

an athlete who plays for pay

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

proneadjectiveUS /proʊn/

having a tendency (to); often used in combination

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

scatterverbUS /ˈskætər/

to cause to separate and go in different directions

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

shornadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrn/

having the hair or wool cut or clipped off as if with shears or clippers

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

shudderverbUS /ˈʃʌdər/

shake, as from cold

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

tempore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

terrorsnounUS /ˈterərz/

plural of “terror” — an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading The gallows, in its palmy days, was shorn of its terrors: it became rather a pastime.

testifyverbUS /ˈtestəfaɪ/

give testimony in a court of law

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Ireland has its own interest, too, in a place of execution, but not in the same degree as England.

toujours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

violencenounUS /ˈvaɪələns/

an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading A public execution or a duel is a focus where burning curiosity concentrates; in the latter case, Ireland bears the palm for a crowd; in the former, the annals of the Old Bailey can _amply_ testify.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They have been too used to hanging in Ireland to make it piquant: "_toujours perdrix_" is a saying which applies in this as in many other cases.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading After the friendly parting of the foes (_pro tempore_), there was a general scatter of the party who had come to see the duel: and how strange is the fact, that as much as human nature is prone to shudder at death under the gentlest circumstances, yet men will congregate to be its witnesses when violence aggravates the calamity!

Chapter 4 of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 by Samuel Lover holds 162 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 162 sentences of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 by Samuel Lover exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 162 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1

Common questions about reading Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 by Samuel Lover on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 3976 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21817 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #21817, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1 take to read?

About 331 minutes of reading across 796 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Samuel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lover
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Handy Andy: A Tale of Irish Life. Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.