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Hard Times
Hard Times

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of Hard Times is here in full — 248 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.
Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.
He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and endsin fact resumed his parliamentary duties.
In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.
Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hard Times

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of Hard Times is here in full — 248 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.
/ˈloʊər ənd ˈloʊər ðə ˈfɪɡjər dɪˈsendəd ðə ɡreɪt sterz ˈstedəli ˈstedəli ˈɔːlweɪz ˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ laɪk ə weɪt ɪn diːp ˈwɔːtər tuː ðə blæk ɡʌlf æt ðə ˈbɑːtəm/
Line 2
Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.
Line 3
He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and endsin fact resumed his parliamentary duties.
Line 4
In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.
Line 5
Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

animate verb US /ˈænəmət/

heighten or intensify

From this reading “Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.”

apprised verb US /əˈpraɪzd/

past form of “apprise” — inform (somebody) of something

From this reading “Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.”

decease noun US /dɪˈsiːs/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading “Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.”

inanimate adjective US /ˌɪˈnænəmət/

belonging to the class of nouns denoting nonliving things

From this reading “Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.”

outsides noun US /ˈaʊtˈsaɪdz/

plural of “outside” — the region that is outside of something

From this reading “Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.”

packets noun US /ˈpækɪts/

plural of “packet” — a collection of things wrapped or boxed together

From this reading “Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.”

sifting noun US /ˈsɪftɪŋ/

the act of separating grain from chaff

From this reading “He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.”

verging verb US /ˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “verge” — border on; come close to

From this reading “LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

animateverbUS /ˈænəmət/

heighten or intensify

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

apprisedverbUS /əˈpraɪzd/

past form of “apprise” — inform (somebody) of something

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

business-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

cat-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

cinder-heap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

Coketown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

deceasenounUS /dɪˈsiːs/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

dividingverbUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “divide” — separate into parts or portions

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

Gradgrind

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

gulfnounUS /ɡʌlf/

an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

Harthouse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

inanimateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnænəmət/

belonging to the class of nouns denoting nonliving things

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

Louisa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

LOWERverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

maintainedadjectiveUS /meɪnˈteɪnd/

kept in good condition

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

meantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

observationnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃən/

the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

oddsnounUS /ɑːdz/

the likelihood of a thing occurring rather than not occurring

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

outsidesnounUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪdz/

plural of “outside” — the region that is outside of something

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

packetsnounUS /ˈpækɪts/

plural of “packet” — a collection of things wrapped or boxed together

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

parliamentaryadjectiveUS /ˌpɑːrləˈmentəri/

relating to or having the nature of a parliament

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

promptitudenoun

the characteristic of doing things without delay

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

resumedverbUS /rɪˈzuːmd/

past form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

SeparatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

siftingnounUS /ˈsɪftɪŋ/

the act of separating grain from chaff

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

Sparsit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

staircasenounUS /ˈsterkeɪs/

a way of access (upward and downward) consisting of a set of steps

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

stairsnounUS /sterz/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

throwingverbUS /ˈθroʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

unwinking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

vergingverbUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “verge” — border on; come close to

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

wardnounUS /wɔːrd/

a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading In the meantime, Mrs. Sparsit kept unwinking watch and ward.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

weightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading LOWER AND LOWER THE figure descended the great stairs, steadily, steadily; always verging, like a weight in deep water, to the black gulf at the bottom.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

wife'snounUS /waɪfs/

possessive form of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Mr. Gradgrind, apprised of his wife’s decease, made an expedition from London, and buried her in a business-like manner.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He then returned with promptitude to the national cinder-heap, and resumed his sifting for the odds and ends he wanted, and his throwing of the dust about into the eyes of other people who wanted other odds and ends—in fact resumed his parliamentary duties.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Separated from her staircase, all the week, by the length of iron road dividing Coketown from the country house, she yet maintained her cat-like observation of Louisa, through her husband, through her brother, through James Harthouse, through the outsides of letters and packets, through everything animate and inanimate that at any time went near the stairs.

Chapter 15 of Hard Times by Charles Dickens holds 248 sentences, grouped into 50 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Hard Times contain?

Chapter 15 holds 248 sentences of Hard Times, unabridged, divided into 50 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Hard Times by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 248 sentences, grouped into 50 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Hard Times?

Work through the 50 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 50 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Hard Times

Common questions about reading Hard Times by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hard Times?

Yes. All 5737 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #786 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hard Times is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #786, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hard Times take to read?

About 478 minutes of reading across 1148 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hard Times section by section

How to work through Hard Times section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Hard Times to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Hard Times

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hard Times, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Thing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hard Times; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Needful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hard Times; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Facts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hard Times; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Teach
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hard Times; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.