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Hardscrabble
Hardscrabble

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Hardscrabble is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was now the middle of May.
A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.
The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.
A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.
Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hardscrabble

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Hardscrabble is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was now the middle of May.
/ɪt wɑːz naʊ ðə ˈmɪdəl ʌv meɪ/
Line 2
A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.
/ə mʌnθ hæd ɪˈlæpst sɪns ðə ɪˈvents dɪˈteɪld ɪn ðə priˈsiːdɪŋ ˈtʃæptərz/
Line 3
The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.
Line 4
A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.
Line 5
Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprehensions noun US /ˌæprɪˈhenʃənz/

plural of “apprehension” — fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading “The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.”

atrocities noun US /əˈtrɑːsətiz/

plural of “atrocity” — the quality of being shockingly cruel and inhumane

From this reading “The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.”

chapters noun US /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading “A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.”

Collins noun US /ˈkɑːlɪnz/

English writer noted for early detective novels (1824-1889)

From this reading “Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.”

detailed adjective US /dɪˈteɪld/

developed or executed with care and in minute detail

From this reading “A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.”

Ensign noun US /ˈensən/

a person who holds a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant junior grade

From this reading “A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.”

Nixon noun US /ˈnɪksən/

vice president under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States; resigned after the Watergate scandal in 1974 (1913-1994)

From this reading “Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.”

subordinates noun US /səˈbɔːrdəneɪts/

plural of “subordinate” — an assistant subject to the authority or control of another

From this reading “A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

apologynounUS /əˈpɑːlədʒiː/

an expression of regret at having caused trouble for someone

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

apprehensionsnounUS /ˌæprɪˈhenʃənz/

plural of “apprehension” — fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

arisenverbUS /ərˈɪzən/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

atrocitiesnounUS /əˈtrɑːsətiz/

plural of “atrocity” — the quality of being shockingly cruel and inhumane

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

bosoms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

CatholicadjectiveUS /ˈkæθlɪk/

of or relating to or supporting Catholicism

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

chaptersnounUS /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

CollinsnounUS /ˈkɑːlɪnz/

English writer noted for early detective novels (1824-1889)

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

committedadjectiveUS /kəˈmɪtɪd/

bound or obligated, as under a pledge to a particular cause, action, or attitude

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

CorporalnounUS /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

a noncommissioned officer in the Army or Air Force or Marines

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

detailedadjectiveUS /dɪˈteɪld/

developed or executed with care and in minute detail

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

dyingadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

elapsedadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæpst/

(of time) having passed or slipped by

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

EnsignnounUS /ˈensən/

a person who holds a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant junior grade

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

Headley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

Heywood's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

interestedadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪd/

having or showing interest; especially curiosity or fascination or concern

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

LenounUS /lə/

a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

NixonnounUS /ˈnɪksən/

vice president under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States; resigned after the Watergate scandal in 1974 (1913-1994)

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

Noir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

outragenounUS /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

paradenounUS /pərˈeɪd/

a ceremonial procession including people marching

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

precedingadjectiveUS /priˈsiːdɪŋ/

existing or coming before

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

promiseverbUS /ˈprɑːməs/

make a promise or commitment

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

proprietornounUS /prəˈpraɪətər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

ProtestantnounUS /ˈprɑːtəstənt/

an adherent of Protestantism

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

recollectionnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃən/

the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

repetitionnounUS /ˌrepəˈtɪʃən/

an event that repeats

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

Ronayne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

SergeantnounUS /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/

any of several noncommissioned officer ranks in the Army or Air Force or Marines ranking above a corporal

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading A month had elapsed since the events detailed in the preceding chapters.

subordinatesnounUS /səˈbɔːrdəneɪts/

plural of “subordinate” — an assistant subject to the authority or control of another

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading Corporal Nixon was now Sergeant Nixon--Collins had succeeded to him, and Le Noir and the boy--Catholic and Protestant--had been buried in one grave.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The recollection of the outrage at Heywood's farm, committed early in April was fast dying away, save in the bosoms of those more immediately interested in the fate of its proprietor, and apprehensions of a repetition of similar atrocities had, in a great measure, ceased.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was now the middle of May.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A better understanding between the commanding officer and his subordinates--the result of a long private interview, which Ensign Ronayne had had with the former, on the morning after his promise to Mrs. Headley, followed by an apology on parade that day, had arisen.

Chapter 11 of Hardscrabble by Major (John) Richardson holds 122 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Hardscrabble contain?

Chapter 11 holds 122 sentences of Hardscrabble, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Hardscrabble by Major (John) Richardson exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 122 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Hardscrabble?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Hardscrabble

Common questions about reading Hardscrabble by Major (John) Richardson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hardscrabble?

Yes. All 2000 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5169 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hardscrabble is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5169, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hardscrabble take to read?

About 166 minutes of reading across 400 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hardscrabble section by section

How to work through Hardscrabble section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Hardscrabble to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Hardscrabble

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hardscrabble, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beautiful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hardscrabble; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hardscrabble; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Month
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hardscrabble; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
April
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hardscrabble; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.