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Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys
Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is here in full — 68 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.
A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.
This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.
Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.
Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is here in full — 68 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.
Line 2
A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.
Line 3
This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.
Line 4
Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.
Line 5
Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.
/plænt ðem ɪn ðə ɡraʊnd ˈfɔːrmɪŋ ə skwer ʌv sɪks fiːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

diameter noun US /daɪˈæmətər/

the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

From this reading “Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.”

Fig noun US /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading “A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.”

illustration noun US /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/

artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading “A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.”

nook noun US /nʊk/

a sheltered and secluded place

From this reading “SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.”

pergola noun US /ˈpɜːrɡələ/

a framework that supports climbing plants

From this reading “SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.”

pergolas noun US /ˌpɜːrˈɡoʊləz/

plural of “pergola” — a framework that supports climbing plants

From this reading “SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.”

posts noun US /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading “This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.”

spruce noun US /spruːs/

light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork

From this reading “Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

six inches noun + noun counted as “six inch”

In this reading “Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.”

four inches noun + noun counted as “four inch”

In this reading “Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.”

six feet noun + noun counted as “six foot”

In this reading “Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.”

in diameter preposition + noun

In this reading “Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.”

pleasant hours adjective + noun

In this reading “SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.”

provided with verb + particle counted as “provide with”

In this reading “This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.”

in the fields preposition + article + noun counted as “in … fields”

In this reading “SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.”

three sides noun + noun counted as “three side”

In this reading “This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

diameternounUS /daɪˈæmətər/

the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

FignounUS /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

formingverbUS /ˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “form” — create (as an entity)

From this reading Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

illustrationnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/

artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

inchesnounUS /ˈɪntʃəz/

plural of “inch” — a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

nooknounUS /nʊk/

a sheltered and secluded place

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

ObtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

pergolanounUS /ˈpɜːrɡələ/

a framework that supports climbing plants

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

PERGOLASnounUS /ˌpɜːrˈɡoʊləz/

plural of “pergola” — a framework that supports climbing plants

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

PlantverbUS /plænt/

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

postsnounUS /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

shingled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading A simple summer-house is shown in the illustration, Fig. 1.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

SimpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

spendverbUS /spend/

use up a period of time in a specific way

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

sprucenounUS /spruːs/

light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

Summer-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

SUMMER-HOUSES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Plant them in the ground, forming a square of six feet.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

tree-trunks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Obtain four spruce posts four inches square, or four tree-trunks from four to six inches in diameter.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This is made of four posts, has a shingled roof, and is provided with seats on three sides.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

yardnounUS /jɑːrd/

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading SUMMER-HOUSES AND PERGOLAS A Simple Summer-house For the back yard, or in the fields and woods near the house, a summer-house or pergola will be found a comfortable nook in which to spend many pleasant hours.

Chapter 4 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams holds 68 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys contain?

Chapter 4 holds 68 sentences of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 68 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Common questions about reading Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys?

Yes. All 3315 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53705 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53705, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 663 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys section by section

How to work through Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Inventions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Uniform
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.