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Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys
Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
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WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.
Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.
Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.
Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.
Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.
Line 2
Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.
/waɪnd ˈendʒənz ənd mɪlz fɔːr ˈmoʊtɪv ˈpaʊər hæv bɪˈkʌm ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈɑːbsəliːt ɪn ənd əˈbaʊt ðə ɡreɪt ˈsɪtiz æz ðeɪ ɑːr soʊ ˈkʌmbərsəm ənd ənˈsɜːrtən bʌt ɪn ðə ˈkʌntri ðeɪ ɑːr stɪl juːzd tuː ə ɡreɪt ɪkˈstent fɔːr ˈpʌmpɪŋ ˈwɔːtər ˈmɪlɪŋ ənd ˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ laɪt məˈʃiːnəri/
Line 3
Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.
/ˈwɪndmɪlz hæv bɪn meɪd ɪn ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ʃeɪps baɪ ðə ˈpiːpəl ʌv ˈdɪfərənt ˈneɪʃənz ənd sʌm ʌv ðem ɑːr ˈveri ˈpɪktʃərəsk əˈspeʃli ðə dʌtʃ wiːlz ənd ðoʊz meɪd ɪn ðə ˈiːstərn pɑːrt ʌv ðə juːˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ə ˈsentʃəri ɔːr mɔːr əˈɡoʊ ˈmeni ʌv wɪtʃ ɑːr stɪl ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/
Line 4
Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.
/ˈwɪndmɪlz wɪl ˈnevər ɡoʊ aʊt ʌv juːs ɪnˈtaɪərli noʊ ˈmætər wʌt tʃiːp ˈmoʊtɪv ˈpaʊər wɪl ɪˈventʃəwəli rʌn ðə wɜːrld fɔːr wen ðeɪ ɑːr wʌns set ʌp ˈprɑːpərli ðeɪ kɑːst ˈnʌθɪŋ tuː ˈɑːpəreɪt ənd ɪf ə wiːl ɪz wel meɪd ɪt wɪl læst fɔːr jɪrz wɪð bʌt ˈtraɪflɪŋ kɑːst fɔːr rɪˈperz/
Line 5
Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cumbersome adjective US /ˈkʌmbərsəm/

difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight

From this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

milling noun US /ˈmɪlɪŋ/

corrugated edge of a coin

From this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

obsolete adjective US /ˈɑːbsəliːt/

no longer in use

From this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

operate verb US /ˈɑːpəreɪt/

direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.

From this reading “Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.”

operating adjective US /ˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ/

involved in a kind of operation

From this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

pumping verb US /ˈpʌmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “pump” — operate like a pump; move up and down, like a handle or a pedal

From this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

toyed verb US /tɔɪd/

past form of “toy” — behave carelessly or indifferently

From this reading “Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.”

windmills noun US /ˈwɪndmɪlz/

plural of “windmill” — a mill that is powered by the wind

From this reading “WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

motive power noun + noun

the power or ability to move

In this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

great extent adjective + noun

In this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

different nations adjective + noun counted as “different nation”

In this reading “Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.”

eastern part adjective + noun

In this reading “Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.”

great cities adjective + noun counted as “great city”

In this reading “Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.”

set up verb + adjective

set up or found

In this reading “Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.”

go out verb + adjective

move out of or depart from

In this reading “Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.”

goes on verb + particle counted as “go on”

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

In this reading “Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.”

All words in this reading · 130

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

cheapadjectiveUS /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

cumbersomeadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmbərsəm/

difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

descriptionsnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃənz/

plural of “description” — a statement that represents something in words

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

DutchadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

easternadjectiveUS /ˈiːstərn/

lying toward or situated in the east

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

enginesnounUS /ˈendʒənz/

plural of “engine” — motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

eventuallyadverbUS /ɪˈventʃəwəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

furnishverbUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

habitationnounUS /ˌhæbəˈteɪʃən/

the native habitat or home of an animal or plant

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

inventverbUS /ˌɪnˈvent/

come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

machinerynounUS /məˈʃiːnəri/

machines or machine systems collectively

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

millingnounUS /ˈmɪlɪŋ/

corrugated edge of a coin

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

millsnounUS /mɪlz/

United States architect who was the presidentially appointed architect of Washington D.C. (1781-1855)

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

motivenounUS /ˈmoʊtɪv/

the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

nature'snounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

obsoleteadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbsəliːt/

no longer in use

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

operateverbUS /ˈɑːpəreɪt/

direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

operatingadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ/

involved in a kind of operation

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

picturesqueadjectiveUS /ˈpɪktʃərəsk/

suggesting or suitable for a picture; pretty as a picture

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

pinion-wheels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

pumpingverbUS /ˈpʌmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “pump” — operate like a pump; move up and down, like a handle or a pedal

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

repairsnounUS /rɪˈperz/

plural of “repair” — the act of putting something in working order again

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

shapesnounUS /ʃeɪps/

plural of “shape” — any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

toyedverbUS /tɔɪd/

past form of “toy” — behave carelessly or indifferently

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

toysnounUS /tɔɪz/

plural of “toy” — an artifact designed to be played with

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

triflingnounUS /ˈtraɪflɪŋ/

the deliberate act of delaying and playing instead of working

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Wind engines and mills for motive power have become almost obsolete in and about the great cities, as they are so cumbersome and uncertain, but in the country they are still used to a great extent for pumping water, milling, and operating light machinery.

usesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

WEATHER-VANES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

wheelverbUS /wiːl/

change directions as if revolving on a pivot

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

wheelsnounUS /wiːlz/

plural of “wheel” — a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

WINDMILLSnounUS /ˈwɪndmɪlz/

plural of “windmill” — a mill that is powered by the wind

From this reading WEATHER-VANES AND WINDMILLS From the time of the earliest habitation of the earth, nature’s great forces, wind and water, have been employed to furnish power for man’s uses.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading Windmills have been made in a number of shapes by the people of different nations, and some of them are very picturesque, especially the Dutch wheels and those made in the eastern part of the United States a century or more ago, many of which are still working.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

world'snounUS /wɜːrldz/

possessive form of “world” — everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Windmills, weather-vanes, pinion-wheels, and wind toys of all descriptions have been made by boys in every age, and each generation goes on to invent or think of something new for the same old wind to play with that has toyed with the world’s wheels for centuries.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Windmills will never go out of use entirely, no matter what cheap motive power will eventually run the world; for when they are once set up properly they cost nothing to operate, and if a wheel is well made it will last for years with but trifling cost for repairs.

Chapter 5 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams holds 171 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys contain?

Chapter 5 holds 171 sentences of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 171 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Common questions about reading Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys?

Yes. All 3315 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53705 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53705, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 663 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys section by section

How to work through Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Inventions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Uniform
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.