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Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys
Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is here in full — 34 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys
Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.
In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.
The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.
To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.
At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is here in full — 34 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.
Line 2
In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.
/ɪn ˈjuːzɪŋ ə seɪl ðə bɔɪ ɪz ðə boʊt ənd baɪ hɪz məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən ʌv ðə ʃiːts hiː kæn ɡoʊ wer hiː ˈpliːzɪz ˈiːðər bɪˈfɔːr ðə waɪnd ɔːr ˈtækɪŋ æz ɪn ə boʊt/
Line 3
The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.
Line 4
To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.
Line 5
At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attaching verb US /əˈtætʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “attach” — cause to be attached

From this reading “The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.”

cloths noun US /klɔːθs/

plural of “cloth” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading “The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.”

enjoyable adjective US /ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading “SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.”

frames noun US /freɪmz/

plural of “frame” — the framework for a pair of eyeglasses

From this reading “SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.”

manipulation noun US /məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən/

exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage

From this reading “In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.”

snowball noun US /ˈsnoʊbɔːl/

plant having heads of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers; grows in sandy arid regions

From this reading “SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.”

tacking noun US /ˈtækɪŋ/

a loose temporary sewing stitch to hold layers of fabric together

From this reading “In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.”

taper verb US /ˈteɪpər/

diminish gradually

From this reading “To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.”

twelve feet noun + noun counted as “twelve foot”

In this reading “To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.”

towards the ends preposition + article + noun counted as “towards … end”

In this reading “To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.”

at the top preposition + article + noun counted as “at … top”

In this reading “At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.”

before the wind preposition + article + noun counted as “before … wind”

In this reading “In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.”

over the ice preposition + article + noun counted as “over … ice”

In this reading “SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.”

old style adjective + noun

a typeface (based on an 18th century design) distinguished by irregularity and slanted ascender serifs and little contrast between light and heavy strokes

In this reading “The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.”

in a boat preposition + article + noun counted as “in … boat”

In this reading “In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

ARTILLERYnounUS /ɑːrˈtɪləri/

large but transportable armament

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

attachingverbUS /əˈtætʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “attach” — cause to be attached

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

boatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

clothsnounUS /klɔːθs/

plural of “cloth” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

constructedverbUS /kənˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “construct” — make by combining materials and parts

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

cornersnounUS /ˈkɔːrnərz/

plural of “corner” — a place off to the side of an area

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

diamond-shaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

enjoyableadjectiveUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

FignounUS /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

frameverbUS /freɪm/

enclose in or as if in a frame

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

framesnounUS /freɪmz/

plural of “frame” — the framework for a pair of eyeglasses

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

inchnounUS /ɪntʃ/

a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

maintainedadjectiveUS /meɪnˈteɪnd/

kept in good condition

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

manipulationnounUS /məˌnɪpjəˈleɪʃən/

exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

pinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

planenounUS /pleɪn/

an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

pleasesverbUS /ˈpliːzɪz/

third-person singular of “please” — give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

ratenounUS /reɪt/

a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

representsverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzents/

third-person singular of “represent” — take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

respectableadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektəbəl/

characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

SAIL-SKATING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

sailsnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

sawed-offadjective

well below average height

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

sectionnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

sheetsnounUS /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

Skating-sail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

slightlyadverbUS /ˈslaɪtli/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

SNOWBALLnounUS /ˈsnoʊbɔːl/

plant having heads of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers; grows in sandy arid regions

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

sticksnounUS /stɪks/

plural of “stick” — an implement consisting of a length of wood

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

tackingnounUS /ˈtækɪŋ/

a loose temporary sewing stitch to hold layers of fabric together

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

taperverbUS /ˈteɪpər/

diminish gradually

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

usingnounUS /ˈjuːzɪŋ/

an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly)

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading At the same time round the corners at the top of one stick and bottom of the other as shown in Fig. 2 C, which represents a sawed-off section of both sticks.

white-wood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To make the frame obtain two clear pine or white-wood sticks twelve feet long, one inch and a quarter square, and taper them slightly towards the ends with a plane.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading In using a sail the boy is the boat, and by his manipulation of the sheets he can go where he pleases, either before the wind or tacking, as in a boat.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading SAIL-SKATING AND SNOWBALL ARTILLERY A Skating-sail Sail-skating is a very enjoyable means of getting over the ice, and with properly constructed frames and sails a very respectable rate of speed can be maintained.

yard-arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The skating-sail shown in Fig. 1 is an improvement over the old style of attaching two diamond-shaped cloths to the ends of yard-arms.

Chapter 8 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams holds 34 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys contain?

Chapter 8 holds 34 sentences of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 34 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Common questions about reading Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys by Joseph H. (Joseph Henry) Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys?

Yes. All 3315 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53705 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53705, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 663 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys section by section

How to work through Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Inventions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Uniform
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Harper's Outdoor Book for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.