Chapter III · Chapter 3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The building of the frigates was unwisely suspended in the fall of 1795.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

aimlessly drifting

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

endowed with authority

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading The building of the frigates was unwisely suspended in the fall of 1795.

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

of or pertaining to or typical of Europe

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the human act of creating

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

an open river valley (in a hilly area)

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading The building of the frigates was unwisely suspended in the fall of 1795.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

plural of “frigate” — a medium size square-rigged warship of the 18th and 19th centuries

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

Irish mathematician (1806-1865)

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

plural of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

a projection or ridge that suggests a keel

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

set down according to a plan

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

the largest inland sea; between Europe and Africa and Asia

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

an organization of military vessels belonging to a country and available for sea warfare

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

plural of “pirate” — someone who uses another person's words or ideas as if they were his own

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

in the near future

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

the season of growth

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

(of undissolved particles in a fluid) supported or kept from sinking or falling by buoyancy and without apparent attachment

From this reading The building of the frigates was unwisely suspended in the fall of 1795.

English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

in or at that place or location

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

being two more than thirty

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.

without good sense or judgment

From this reading The building of the frigates was unwisely suspended in the fall of 1795.

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading President Washington called the attention of Congress to the matter, and in the spring of 1794 he was authorized to have six frigates built, each carrying not less than thirty-two cannon.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading To the heroes of the Continental Navy the people looked for commanders of the new frigates, and Barry, Nicholson, Talbot, Barney, Dale, and Truxton, all of whom had done gallant service in the war for independence, were chosen.

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading "North African pirates are out on the Mediterranean Sea; our budding commerce there is in danger; we _must_ have a navy to protect it," wrote a distinguished American in Europe to Alexander Hamilton.

but in spite of that

From this reading The keel of the _Constitution_ (yet afloat) was soon laid at Boston, and so the creation of the Navy of the United States was begun.