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Head of the Lower School
Head of the Lower School

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Head of the Lower School is here in full — 187 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Head of the Lower School
Context Illustration Reading 1/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.
Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.
A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.
There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.
We call it Lincolnshire.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Head of the Lower School

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Head of the Lower School is here in full — 187 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.
/ɪn ðɪs tekst ˈvɜːrʒən ʌv hed ʌv ðə ˈloʊər skuːl wɜːrdz ɪn aɪˈtælɪks ɑːr mɑːrkt wɪð ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz ənd wɜːrdz ɪn smɔːl ˈkæpətəlz ɑːr ʃoʊn ɪn ˈʌpər keɪs/
Line 2
Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.
/ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz hæv bɪn muːvd tuː biː nɪr ðə tekst ðeɪ ˈɪləstreɪt/
Line 3
A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.
/ə fjuː ˈtʃeɪndʒəz hæv bɪn meɪd tuː ˈstændərdaɪz ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən ənd ˈspelɪŋ/
Line 4
There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.
/ðer ɪz ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd ə lɑːrdʒ ənd ˈɪntrəstɪŋ ˈkaʊnti ˈmoʊstli ɡriːn ɑːn mæps/
Line 5
We call it Lincolnshire.
/wiː kɔːl ɪt ˈlɪŋkənʃɪr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

capitals noun US /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading “In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.”

illustrate verb US /ˈɪləstreɪt/

clarify by giving an example of

From this reading “Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.”

italics noun US /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.”

Lincolnshire noun US /ˈlɪŋkənʃɪr/

an agricultural county of eastern England on the North Sea

From this reading “We call it Lincolnshire.”

maps noun US /mæps/

plural of “map” — a diagrammatic representation of the earth's surface (or part of it)

From this reading “There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.”

punctuation noun US /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading “A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.”

standardize verb US /ˈstændərdaɪz/

cause to conform to standard or norm

From this reading “A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.”

underscores noun US /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Lower School verb + noun

In this reading “In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.”

small capitals adjective + noun counted as “small capital”

a character having the form of an upper-case letter but the same height as lower-case letters

In this reading “In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading We call it Lincolnshire.

capitalsnounUS /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

CASEnounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

countynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

HeadnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

illustrateverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪt/

clarify by giving an example of

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

IllustrationsnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “illustration” — artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We call it Lincolnshire.

italicsnounUS /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

LincolnshirenounUS /ˈlɪŋkənʃɪr/

an agricultural county of eastern England on the North Sea

From this reading We call it Lincolnshire.

LowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

mapsnounUS /mæps/

plural of “map” — a diagrammatic representation of the earth's surface (or part of it)

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

mostlyadverbUS /ˈmoʊstli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

SchoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

spellingnounUS /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

standardizeverbUS /ˈstændərdaɪz/

cause to conform to standard or norm

From this reading A few changes have been made to standardize punctuation and spelling.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is in England a large and interesting county, mostly green on maps.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Illustrations have been moved to be near the text they illustrate.

underscoresnounUS /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

UPPERadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

versionnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We call it Lincolnshire.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading In this text version of "Head of the Lower School": words in italics are marked with _underscores_ and words in small capitals are shown in UPPER CASE.

Chapter 1 of Head of the Lower School by Dorothea Moore holds 187 sentences, grouped into 38 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Head of the Lower School contain?

Chapter 1 holds 187 sentences of Head of the Lower School, unabridged, divided into 38 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Head of the Lower School by Dorothea Moore exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 187 sentences, grouped into 38 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Head of the Lower School?

Work through the 38 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 38 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Head of the Lower School

Common questions about reading Head of the Lower School by Dorothea Moore on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Head of the Lower School?

Yes. All 3716 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56594 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Head of the Lower School is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56594, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Head of the Lower School take to read?

About 309 minutes of reading across 744 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Head of the Lower School section by section

How to work through Head of the Lower School section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Head of the Lower School to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Head of the Lower School

Words and structures a reader meets early in Head of the Lower School, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lower
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.