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Head of the Lower School
Head of the Lower School

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Head of the Lower School is here in full — 177 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Head of the Lower School
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.
His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.
He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.
He caught her by the arm.
"What are you doing here?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Head of the Lower School

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Head of the Lower School is here in full — 177 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.
Line 2
His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.
/hɪz haɪ ˈfɔːrhed piːkt ʌp tuː hɪz rɪˈsiːdɪŋ her hɪz ʃɔːrt ˈmʌstæʃ wɑːz ˈstɪfli wækst ənd stʊd aʊt ˈveri blæk əˈɡenst hɪz ˈpæləd feɪs/
Line 3
He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.
Line 4
He caught her by the arm.
/hiː kɑːt hɜːr baɪ ðə ɑːrm/
Line 5
"What are you doing here?
/wʌt ɑːr juː ˈduːɪŋ hiːr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dapper adjective US /ˈdæpər/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading “ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.”

moustache noun US /ˈmʌstæʃ/

an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip

From this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

neat adjective US /niːt/

clean or organized

From this reading “ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.”

pallid adjective US /ˈpæləd/

abnormally deficient in color as suggesting physical or emotional distress

From this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

peaked adjective US /piːkt/

somewhat ill or prone to illness

From this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

receding noun US /rɪˈsiːdɪŋ/

a slow or gradual disappearance

From this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

stiffly adverb US /ˈstɪfli/

in a stiff manner

From this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

waxed adjective US /wækst/

treated with wax

From this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

pallid face adjective + noun

In this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

high forehead adjective + noun

In this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

by the arm preposition + article + noun counted as “by … arm”

In this reading “He caught her by the arm.”

stood out verb + adjective

In this reading “His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

anyonepronounUS /ˈeniwʌn/

any person at all

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "What are you doing here?

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading He caught her by the arm.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He caught her by the arm.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading He caught her by the arm.

dapperadjectiveUS /ˈdæpər/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading "What are you doing here?

ENTERverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

foreheadnounUS /ˈfɔːrhed/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

GABRIELLE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading He caught her by the arm.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "What are you doing here?

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

ill-looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

inclinedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪnd/

(often followed by “to”) having a preference, disposition, or tendency

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

Joey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

MonsieurnounUS /məˈsjɜːr/

used as a French courtesy title; equivalent to English “Mr”

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

moustachenounUS /ˈmʌstæʃ/

an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

neatadjectiveUS /niːt/

clean or organized

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

pallidadjectiveUS /ˈpæləd/

abnormally deficient in color as suggesting physical or emotional distress

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

peakedadjectiveUS /piːkt/

somewhat ill or prone to illness

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

recedingnounUS /rɪˈsiːdɪŋ/

a slow or gradual disappearance

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

stifflyadverbUS /ˈstɪfli/

in a stiff manner

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He caught her by the arm.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

Trouville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

unpleasantadjectiveUS /ənˈplezənt/

offensive or disagreeable; causing discomfort or unhappiness

From this reading He was not ill-looking, but just at that moment Joey thought she had never seen anyone quite so unpleasant.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ENTER GABRIELLE He was a short man, this Monsieur Trouville, neat and dapper, though inclined to be fat.

waxedadjectiveUS /wækst/

treated with wax

From this reading His high forehead peaked up to his receding hair, his short moustache was stiffly waxed and stood out very black against his pallid face.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "What are you doing here?

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "What are you doing here?

Chapter 4 of Head of the Lower School by Dorothea Moore holds 177 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Head of the Lower School contain?

Chapter 4 holds 177 sentences of Head of the Lower School, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Head of the Lower School by Dorothea Moore exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 177 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Head of the Lower School?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Head of the Lower School

Common questions about reading Head of the Lower School by Dorothea Moore on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Head of the Lower School?

Yes. All 3716 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56594 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Head of the Lower School is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56594, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Head of the Lower School take to read?

About 309 minutes of reading across 744 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Head of the Lower School section by section

How to work through Head of the Lower School section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Head of the Lower School to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Head of the Lower School

Words and structures a reader meets early in Head of the Lower School, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lower
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Head of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.