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Henry Smeaton
Henry Smeaton

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Henry Smeaton is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
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An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.
It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.
The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.
No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.
So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Henry Smeaton

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Henry Smeaton is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.
/æn oʊld ˈnɔːrmən tʃɜːrtʃ bɪlt ɪn ðə ˈɜːrliəst staɪl ʌv ðæt faɪn bʌt ˈsʌmˈwʌt ˈhevi ˈɑːrkətektʃər stændz əˈbaʊt faɪv maɪlz frʌm eɪl hed ənd beɪ əˈpɑːn ðə sloʊp ʌv ə ˈdʒentəl hɪl wɪð ˈmeni ˈʌðər hɪlz ərˈaʊnd ɪt/
Line 2
It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.
/ɪt ɪz ə lɑːrdʒ ˈstrʌktʃər fɔːr ðə ˈprezənt ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən ʌv ðə əˈdʒeɪsənt ˈkʌntri ɪf wʌn meɪ dʒʌdʒ frʌm ðə əˈpɪrəns ʌv ðə lænd ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli raʊnd/
Line 3
The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.
/ðə hɪl ɪz pɑːrt ʌv ə lɔːŋ reɪndʒ ʌv daʊnz ˌʌndəˈvaɪdɪd baɪ enˈkloʊʒər ənd ˈkʌvərd baɪ ʃɔːrt draɪ swɔːrd ˈveri mʌtʃ laɪk ðæt wɪtʃ spredz ˈoʊvər eɪl hed ˌɪtˈself/
Line 4
No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.
/noʊ triːz ɑːr tuː biː siːn æz fɑːr æz ðə aɪ kæn riːtʃ ɪkˈsept ˌɪnˈdiːd tuː oʊld juː triːz ˈstændɪŋ kloʊs tuː ðə tʃɜːrtʃ ənd ˈprɑːbəbliː ˈplæntɪd ðer baɪ ˈsæksən hændz lɔːŋ bɪˈfɔːr ðə fɜːrst stoʊn ʌv ðə ˈprezənt ˈedəfəs wɑːz leɪd/
Line 5
So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

edifice noun US /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading “No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.”

lozenges noun US /ˈlɔːzəndʒəz/

plural of “lozenge” — a small aromatic or medicated candy

From this reading “So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.”

mouldings noun US /ˈmoʊldɪŋz/

plural of “moulding” — a decorative strip used for ornamentation or finishing

From this reading “So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.”

shears noun US /ʃiːrz/

large scissors with strong blades

From this reading “So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.”

spreads noun US /spredz/

plural of “spread” — process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading “The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.”

sward noun US /swɔːrd/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading “The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.”

undivided adjective US /ˌʌndəˈvaɪdɪd/

not parted by conflict of opinion

From this reading “The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.”

yew noun US /juː/

wood of a yew; especially the durable fine-grained light brown or red wood of the English yew valued for cabinetwork and archery bows

From this reading “No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

stormy weather adjective + noun

In this reading “So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.”

yew trees noun + noun counted as “yew tree”

In this reading “No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.”

adjacent country adjective + noun

In this reading “It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.”

five miles noun + noun counted as “five mile”

In this reading “An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.”

spreads over verb + particle counted as “spread over”

form a cover over

In this reading “The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.”

about five preposition + noun

In this reading “An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.”

long range adjective + noun

In this reading “The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.”

judge from verb + particle

In this reading “It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.”

All words in this reading · 121

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

adjacentadjectiveUS /əˈdʒeɪsənt/

nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

AlenounUS /eɪl/

a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

archedadjectiveUS /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

architecturenounUS /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

casementnoun

a window sash that is hinged (usually on one side)

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

downsnounUS /daʊnz/

plural of “down” — soft fine feathers

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

edificenounUS /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

enclosurenounUS /enˈkloʊʒər/

a structure consisting of an area that has been enclosed for some purpose

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

HeadnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

lozengesnounUS /ˈlɔːzəndʒəz/

plural of “lozenge” — a small aromatic or medicated candy

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

mouldingsnounUS /ˈmoʊldɪŋz/

plural of “moulding” — a decorative strip used for ornamentation or finishing

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

NormannounUS /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

plantedadjectiveUS /ˈplæntɪd/

(used especially of ideas or principles) deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

pruning-knife

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

SaxonnounUS /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

shearsnounUS /ʃiːrz/

large scissors with strong blades

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

slopenounUS /sloʊp/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

spreadsnounUS /spredz/

plural of “spread” — process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

stormyadjectiveUS /ˈstɔːrmi/

(especially of weather) affected or characterized by storms or commotion

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

structurenounUS /ˈstrʌktʃər/

a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading It is a large structure for the present population of the adjacent country, if one may judge from the appearance of the land immediately round.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

swardnounUS /swɔːrd/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

undividedadjectiveUS /ˌʌndəˈvaɪdɪd/

not parted by conflict of opinion

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The hill is part of a long range of downs, undivided by enclosure, and covered by short dry sward, very much like that which spreads over Ale Head itself.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading An old Norman church, built in the earliest style of that fine but somewhat heavy architecture, stands about five miles from Ale Head and Bay, upon the slope of a gentle hill, with many other hills around it.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading So close are they, indeed, that the long branches of one of them wave against the mouldings of one of the deep round arched windows, and would, in stormy weather, break the lozenges of the casement were they not kept under by the pruning-knife or shears.

yewnounUS /juː/

wood of a yew; especially the durable fine-grained light brown or red wood of the English yew valued for cabinetwork and archery bows

From this reading No trees are to be seen as far as the eye can reach, except, indeed, two old yew trees standing close to the church, and, probably, planted there by Saxon hands long before the first stone of the present edifice was laid.

Chapter 6 of Henry Smeaton by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James holds 160 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Henry Smeaton contain?

Chapter 6 holds 160 sentences of Henry Smeaton, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Henry Smeaton by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 160 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Henry Smeaton?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Henry Smeaton

Common questions about reading Henry Smeaton by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Henry Smeaton?

Yes. All 7219 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51815 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Henry Smeaton is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51815, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Henry Smeaton take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1444 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Henry Smeaton section by section

How to work through Henry Smeaton section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Henry Smeaton to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Henry Smeaton

Words and structures a reader meets early in Henry Smeaton, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Large
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Piece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Water
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Middle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.