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Henry Smeaton
Henry Smeaton

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Henry Smeaton is here in full — 99 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
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It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.
The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.
Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.
The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.
One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Henry Smeaton

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Henry Smeaton is here in full — 99 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.
Line 2
The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.
/ðə ˈkævəlri wɑːz prəˈsiːdɪŋ ɪn ðə seɪm dərˈekʃən baɪ ə ˈwaɪdər roʊd tuː ðə raɪt ənd wʌn ʌv ðə ˈhɔːrsmən ʌv huːm aɪ hæv ˈspoʊkən lɔːst noʊ ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti ʌv ˈɡetɪŋ əˈpɑːn ˈeni ˈeləveɪtɪd spɑːt ɪn ˈɔːrdər ˈiːðər tuː deˈskraɪ ðer kɔːrs ʌv mɑːrtʃ ɔːr tuː ˈstʌdi ðə ˈfiːtʃərz ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri/
Line 3
Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.
Line 4
The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.
Line 5
One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.
/wʌn ʌv ðem wɑːz tɔːl ənd nɑːt ˈveri wel meɪd ˈraɪdɪŋ hɪz hɔːrs ɪn ə ˈslʌvənli ənd ˈslaʊtʃɪŋ ˈmænər ðə ˈʌðər fæt ənd ʃɔːrt nɑːt ðə moʊst ˈɡreɪsfəl ˌkævəˈlɪr ɪn ðə wɜːrld bʌt wʌn huː ʃoʊd ə ˈveri dɪˈskriːt ədˈhɪrəns tuː ðə ˈsædəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adherence noun US /ədˈhɪrəns/

faithful support for a cause or political party or religion

From this reading “One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.”

descry verb US /deˈskraɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading “The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.”

discreet adjective US /dɪˈskriːt/

marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint

From this reading “One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.”

insurgent noun US /ˌɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/

a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)

From this reading “It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.”

lanes noun US /leɪnz/

plural of “lane” — a narrow way or road

From this reading “It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.”

ninth noun US /naɪnθ/

position nine in a countable series of things

From this reading “It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.”

slouching verb US /ˈslaʊtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “slouch” — assume a drooping posture or carriage

From this reading “One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.”

slovenly adjective US /ˈslʌvənli/

negligent of neatness especially in dress and person; habitually dirty and unkempt

From this reading “One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

passed through verb + particle counted as “pass through”

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.”

higher ground adjective + noun

In this reading “Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.”

same direction adjective + noun

In this reading “The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.”

most graceful adverb + adjective

In this reading “One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.”

during the evening preposition + article + noun counted as “during … evening”

In this reading “It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.”

mounted men adjective + noun

In this reading “It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.”

in order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.”

consisting of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.”

All words in this reading · 118

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

adherencenounUS /ədˈhɪrəns/

faithful support for a cause or political party or religion

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

cavaliernounUS /ˌkævəˈlɪr/

a gallant or courtly gentleman

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

cavalrynounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

contentedadjectiveUS /kənˈtentəd/

satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

descryverbUS /deˈskraɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

discreetadjectiveUS /dɪˈskriːt/

marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

exitnounUS /ˈeɡzɪt/

an opening that permits escape or release

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

gazedverbUS /ɡeɪzd/

past form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

horsemannounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

a man skilled in equitation

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

horsemennounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

plural of “horseman” — a man skilled in equitation

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

insurgentnounUS /ˌɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/

a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

lanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

lanesnounUS /leɪnz/

plural of “lane” — a narrow way or road

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

mountedadjectiveUS /ˈmaʊntəd/

assembled for use; especially by being attached to a support

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

ninthnounUS /naɪnθ/

position nine in a countable series of things

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

Preston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

proceedingnounUS /prəˈsiːdɪŋ/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

ridingnounUS /ˈraɪdɪŋ/

the sport of sitting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

saddleverbUS /ˈsædəl/

put a saddle on

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

slopedadjective

having an oblique or slanted direction

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

slouchingverbUS /ˈslaʊtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “slouch” — assume a drooping posture or carriage

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

slovenlyadjectiveUS /ˈslʌvənli/

negligent of neatness especially in dress and person; habitually dirty and unkempt

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

watchfuladjectiveUS /ˈwɑːtʃfəl/

engaged in or accustomed to close observation

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

WhereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading Wherever the banks of the lane sloped down and showed a way to higher ground, wherever a gate gave exit to the right or left, that horseman passed through, and gazed about him.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was during the evening of the ninth of November, on which the cavalry of the insurgent army marched into Preston, that a party consisting of three mounted men followed the course of one of the small deep lanes, of which there are several in that part of the country.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

wideradjectiveUS /ˈwaɪdər/

comparative of “wide” — having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The cavalry was proceeding in the same direction by a wider road to the right; and one of the horsemen of whom I have spoken lost no opportunity of getting upon any elevated spot, in order either to descry their course of march, or to study the features of the country.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The two others were less watchful, and seemed contented enough with the shelter of the lane.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading One of them was tall and not very well made, riding his horse in a slovenly and slouching manner; the other fat and short, not the most graceful cavalier in the world, but one who showed a very discreet adherence to the saddle.

Chapter 31 of Henry Smeaton by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James holds 99 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Henry Smeaton contain?

Chapter 31 holds 99 sentences of Henry Smeaton, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Henry Smeaton by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 99 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Henry Smeaton?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Henry Smeaton

Common questions about reading Henry Smeaton by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Henry Smeaton?

Yes. All 7219 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51815 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Henry Smeaton is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51815, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Henry Smeaton take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1444 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Henry Smeaton section by section

How to work through Henry Smeaton section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Henry Smeaton to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Henry Smeaton

Words and structures a reader meets early in Henry Smeaton, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Large
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Piece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Water
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Middle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Smeaton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.