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Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.
Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.
After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."
The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.
The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.
/ˈdɑːnteɪ wiː kʌm naʊ tuː ðæt ɡreɪt tæsk wɪtʃ ˈlɔːŋfeloʊ ˈæftər æn ˈɜːrli ɪkˈsperəmənt hæd drɑːpt fɔːr jɪrz ənd wɪtʃ hiː rɪˈzuːmd ˈæftər hɪz waɪfs deθ ˈlɑːrdʒli fɔːr ðə seɪk ʌv æn əbˈzɔːrbɪŋ ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/
Line 2
Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.
Line 3
After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."
/ˈæftər rɪˈzuːmɪŋ ðə wɜːrk hiː trænzˈleɪtɪd fɔːr ə taɪm ə ˈkæntoʊ æz iːtʃ deɪz tæsk ənd rəˈfɜːrz tuː ðɪs ˈhæbət ɪn hɪz ˈsɑːnɪt ɑːn ðə səbˈdʒekt wer hiː sez aɪ ˈentər hiːr frʌm deɪ tuː deɪ ənd liːv maɪ ˈbɜːrdən æt ðɪs ˈmɪnstər ɡeɪt/
Line 4
The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.
Line 5
The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.
/ðə hoʊl ˈpɪktʃər ʌv ðə ˈmænər ɪn wɪtʃ ðə wɜːrk wɑːz dʌn hæz lɔːŋ bɪn fəˈmɪljər tuː ðə ˈlɪtəreri wɜːrld ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ ðə ˈpliːzɪŋ ɡlɪmps ʌv ðə ˈlɪtəl ˈsɜːrkəl ʌv ˈkʌltəveɪtɪd frendz əˈsembəld ˈiːvnɪŋ ˈæftər ˈiːvnɪŋ tuː kəmˈper noʊts ənd səˈdʒest ˌɪmˈpruːvmənts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

canto noun US /ˈkæntoʊ/

the highest part (usually the melody) in a piece of choral music

From this reading “After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."”

dante noun US /ˈdɑːnteɪ/

an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)

From this reading “DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.”

improvements noun US /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənts/

plural of “improvement” — a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading “The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.”

Longfellow noun US /ˈlɔːŋfeloʊ/

United States poet remembered for his long narrative poems (1807-1882)

From this reading “DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.”

minster noun US /ˈmɪnstər/

any of certain cathedrals and large churches; originally connected to a monastery

From this reading “After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."”

refers verb US /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading “After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."”

resuming verb US /rɪˈzuːmɪŋ/

-ing form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading “After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."”

sonnet noun US /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading “After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Eighteen years adjective + noun

In this reading “Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.”

compare notes verb + noun counted as “compare note”

In this reading “The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.”

following year adjective + noun

In this reading “The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.”

literary world adjective + noun

In this reading “The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.”

for the sake preposition + article + noun counted as “for … sake”

In this reading “DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.”

on the subject preposition + article + noun counted as “on … subject”

In this reading “After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."”

little circle adjective + noun

In this reading “The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.”

for years preposition + noun

In this reading “DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1843

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

1866

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

24

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

absorbingadjectiveUS /əbˈzɔːrbɪŋ/

capable of arousing and holding the attention

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

aughtnounUS /ɔːt/

a quantity of no importance

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

cantonounUS /ˈkæntoʊ/

the highest part (usually the melody) in a piece of choral music

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

cantos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

compareverbUS /kəmˈper/

examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

crisisnounUS /ˈkraɪsəs/

an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

cultivatedadjectiveUS /ˈkʌltəveɪtɪd/

(of land or fields) prepared for raising crops by plowing or fertilizing

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

DANTEnounUS /ˈdɑːnteɪ/

an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

droppedverbUS /drɑːpt/

inflected form of “drop” — let fall to the ground

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

EighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

experimentnounUS /ɪkˈsperəmənt/

the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

FerdinandnounUS /ˈfɜːrdɪnænd/

the king of Castile and Aragon who ruled jointly with his wife Isabella

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

Freiligrath

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

glimpsenounUS /ɡlɪmps/

a quick look

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

improvementsnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənts/

plural of “improvement” — a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

largelyadverbUS /ˈlɑːrdʒli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

LongfellownounUS /ˈlɔːŋfeloʊ/

United States poet remembered for his long narrative poems (1807-1882)

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

minsternounUS /ˈmɪnstər/

any of certain cathedrals and large churches; originally connected to a monastery

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

pleasingadjectiveUS /ˈpliːzɪŋ/

giving pleasure and satisfaction

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

refersverbUS /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

resumedverbUS /rɪˈzuːmd/

past form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

resumingverbUS /rɪˈzuːmɪŋ/

-ing form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

sixteenadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːn/

being one more than fifteen

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

sonnetnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

suggestverbUS /səˈdʒest/

make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

translatedverbUS /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

wife'snounUS /waɪfs/

possessive form of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading After resuming the work, he translated for a time a canto as each day's task, and refers to this habit in his sonnet on the subject, where he says:-- "I enter here from day to day, And leave my burden at this minster gate."

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The whole picture of the manner in which the work was done has long been familiar to the literary world, including the pleasing glimpse of the little circle of cultivated friends, assembled evening after evening, to compare notes and suggest improvements.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Eighteen years before, November 24, 1843, he had written to Ferdinand Freiligrath that he had translated sixteen cantos of Dante, and there seems no reason to suppose that he had done aught farther in that direction until this new crisis.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The work was not fully completed until 1866, and was published in part during the following year.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading DANTE We come now to that great task which Longfellow, after an early experiment, had dropped for years, and which he resumed after his wife's death, largely for the sake of an absorbing occupation.

Chapter 20 of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow by Thomas Wentworth Higginson holds 62 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow contain?

Chapter 20 holds 62 sentences of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow by Thomas Wentworth Higginson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 62 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Common questions about reading Henry Wadsworth Longfellow by Thomas Wentworth Higginson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow?

Yes. All 2177 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Henry Wadsworth Longfellow take to read?

About 181 minutes of reading across 436 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Henry Wadsworth Longfellow section by section

How to work through Henry Wadsworth Longfellow section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Words and structures a reader meets early in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Contents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Placed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Although
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.