Chapter IV · Chapter 4

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

at or on or to the masthead or upper rigging of a ship

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

in addition

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

the table in Christian churches where communion is given

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

having hair of a dark color

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

a period of 100 years

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

past form of “christianize” — adapt in the name of Christianity

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

having a high state of culture and development both social and technological

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

plural of “coast” — the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

relating to or based on or involving comparison

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

past form of “conquer” — bring under control by force or authority

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

recurring regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

plural of “dane” — a native or inhabitant of Denmark

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

coming next after the tenth and just before the twelfth in position

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

favorite

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

coins made of gold

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

a person who does not acknowledge your god

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

respectful deference

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

situated away from an area's coast or border

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

communication between individuals

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

plural of “invader” — someone who enters by force in order to conquer

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

for more time

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

plural of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

not any; not one

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

win a victory over

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

owed as a debt

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

get something; come into possession of

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

of or relating to Scandinavia or its peoples or cultures

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

sharp piercing cry

From this reading The ships of Loghlin, seen far out at sea, no longer drove the population shrieking inland.

a male human offspring

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

experiencing intense pain especially mental pain

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

a port city in southern Ireland; famous for glass industry

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The coasts of Ireland were in a state of comparative peace in the middle of the eleventh century.

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Scandinavian invaders had become Christianized, and civilized also,--owing to their continual intercourse with foreign nations,--more highly than the Irish whom they had overcome.

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Heathen Danes, whether fair-haired Fiongall from Norway, or brown-haired Dubgall from Denmark proper, no longer burned convents, tortured monks for their gold, or (as at Clonmacnoise) set a heathen princess, Oda, wife of Thorgill, son of Harold Harfager, aloft on the high altar to receive the homage of the conquered.

in the company of; together with

From this reading HOW HEREWARD TOOK SERVICE WITH RANALD, KING OF WATERFORD.