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Hero Stories from American History
Hero Stories from American History

Chapter III · How Palmetto Logs May Be Used

Chapter III of Hero Stories from American History, “How Palmetto Logs May Be Used,” is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.
In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.
This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.
Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.
North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.
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Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hero Stories from American History

Chapter III · How Palmetto Logs May Be Used

Chapter III of Hero Stories from American History, “How Palmetto Logs May Be Used,” is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.
Line 2
In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.
Line 3
This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.
Line 4
Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.
Line 5
North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.
/nɔːrθ ˌkerəˈlaɪnə wɑːz tuː biː ðə fɜːrst tuː rəˈsiːv ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bombardment noun US /bɑːmˈbɑːrdmənt/

the rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication (spoken or written)

From this reading “This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.”

Carolina noun US /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading “North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.”

Dominion noun US /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading “In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.”

Georgia noun US /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.”

Maine noun US /meɪn/

a state in New England

From this reading “This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.”

Norfolk noun US /ˈnɔːrfək/

port city located in southeastern Virginia on the Elizabeth River at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay; headquarters of the Atlantic fleet of the United States Navy

From this reading “In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.”

patriots noun US /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading “In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.”

shelled adjective US /ʃeld/

of animals or fruits that have a shell

From this reading “In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

most important adverb + adjective

In this reading “In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.”

take refuge verb + noun

In this reading “In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.”

on board preposition + noun

on a ship, train, plane or other vehicle

In this reading “In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1775

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

1776

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

alarmedadjectiveUS /əˈlɑːrmd/

experiencing a sudden sense of danger

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

bombardmentnounUS /bɑːmˈbɑːrdmənt/

the rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication (spoken or written)

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.

coastwiseadjective

along or following a coast

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

coloniesnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

DaynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

destroyedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɔɪd/

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

DominionnounUS /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

Dunmore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

GeorgianounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

HarborverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

largestadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒəst/

superlative of “large” — above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

MainenounUS /meɪn/

a state in New England

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

man-of-warnoun

a warship intended for combat

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

men-of-war

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

NorfolknounUS /ˈnɔːrfək/

port city located in southeastern Virginia on the Elizabeth River at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay; headquarters of the Atlantic fleet of the United States Navy

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

patriotsnounUS /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

plannedadjectiveUS /plænd/

designed or carried out according to a plan

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading North Carolina was to be the first to receive punishment.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

revengenounUS /riˈvendʒ/

action taken in return for an injury or offense

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

scoresnounUS /skɔːrz/

a large number or amount

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

shelledadjectiveUS /ʃeld/

of animals or fruits that have a shell

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

strikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading Early in the fall of 1775, the British government planned to strike a hard blow against the Southern colonies.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading In 1775, in Virginia, the patriots forced the royal governor, Lord Dunmore, to take refuge on board a British man-of-war in Norfolk Harbor.

wantonverbUS /ˈwɔːntən/

waste time; spend one's time idly or inefficiently

From this reading This bombardment, and scores of other less wanton acts of the men-of-war, alarmed every coastwise town from Maine to Georgia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

Year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In revenge, the town of Norfolk, the largest and the most important in the Old Dominion, was, on New Year's Day, 1776, shelled and destroyed.

Chapter 3 of Hero Stories from American History by Albert F. (Albert Franklin) Blaisdell holds 171 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Hero Stories from American History contain?

Chapter 3 holds 171 sentences of Hero Stories from American History, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Hero Stories from American History by Albert F. (Albert Franklin) Blaisdell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 171 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Hero Stories from American History?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Hero Stories from American History

Common questions about reading Hero Stories from American History by Albert F. (Albert Franklin) Blaisdell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hero Stories from American History?

Yes. All 3725 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31092 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hero Stories from American History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31092, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hero Stories from American History take to read?

About 310 minutes of reading across 745 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hero Stories from American History section by section

How to work through Hero Stories from American History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Hero Stories from American History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hero Stories from American History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vincennes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hero Stories from American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hero Stories from American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Daniel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hero Stories from American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boone
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hero Stories from American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.