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Heroes Every Child Should Know
Heroes Every Child Should Know

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Heroes Every Child Should Know is here in full — 256 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
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ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.
The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.
It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.
Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.
The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Heroes Every Child Should Know

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Heroes Every Child Should Know is here in full — 256 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.
/ˈrɑːbərt bruːs aɪ hoʊp juː hæv nɑːt fərˈɡɑːt.n̩ maɪ dɪr tʃaɪld ðæt ɔːl ðə ˈkruːəl wɔːrz ʌv ˈskɑːtlənd ərˈoʊz aʊt ʌv ðə dəˈbeɪt bɪˈtwiːn ðə ɡreɪt lɔːrdz huː kleɪmd ðə θroʊn ˈæftər kɪŋ ˌæləɡˈzændər ðə θɜːrdz deθ/
Line 2
The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.
Line 3
It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈnætʃərəl ðæt sʌtʃ ʌv ðə ˈpiːpəl æz wɜːr stɪl dɪˈtɜːrmənd tuː faɪt fɔːr ðə dɪˈlɪvərəns ʌv ðer ˈkʌntri frʌm ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ʃʊd lʊk raʊnd fɔːr sʌm ˈʌðər kɪŋ ˈʌndər huːm ðeɪ maɪt ˈjuːnaɪt ðemˈselvz tuː ˈkɑːmbæt ðə ˈpaʊər ʌv ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 4
Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.
Line 5
The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bruce noun US /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading “ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.”

candidates noun US /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading “Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.”

debate verb US /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading “ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.”

deliverance noun US /dɪˈlɪvərəns/

recovery or preservation from loss or danger

From this reading “It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.”

kinsman noun US /ˈkɪnzmæn/

a male relative

From this reading “The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.”

swarthy adjective US /ˈswɔːrði/

naturally having skin of a dark color

From this reading “The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.”

Third's noun US /θɜːrdz/

possessive form of “third” — one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading “ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.”

unite verb US /ˈjuːnaɪt/

act in concert or unite in a common purpose or belief

From this reading “It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

AmongstprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

Badenoch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

BlackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

BRUCEnounUS /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

candidatesnounUS /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

Carrick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

Comyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

Cuming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

debateverbUS /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

decisionnounUS /dɪˈsɪʒən/

the act of making up your mind about something

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

deliverancenounUS /dɪˈlɪvərəns/

recovery or preservation from loss or danger

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

endeavouring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

kinsmannounUS /ˈkɪnzmæn/

a male relative

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

lordsnounUS /lɔːrdz/

plural of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

nobilitynounUS /noʊˈbɪləti/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

noblemen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

rashlyadverb

in a hasty and foolhardy manner

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

RednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

ROBERTnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

ScottishnounUS /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

seizeverbUS /siːz/

take hold of; grab

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

submittedverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

swarthyadjectiveUS /ˈswɔːrði/

naturally having skin of a dark color

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

Third'snounUS /θɜːrdz/

possessive form of “third” — one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Amongst these, the principal candidates, were two powerful noblemen.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

uniteverbUS /ˈjuːnaɪt/

act in concert or unite in a common purpose or belief

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading The first was Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick; the other was John Comyn, or Cuming, of Badenoch, usually called the Red Comyn, to distinguish him from his kinsman, the Black Comyn, so named from his swarthy complexion.

warsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The Scottish nobility rashly submitted the decision of that matter to King Edward I of England, and thus opened the way to his endeavouring to seize the kingdom of Scotland to himself.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was natural that such of the people as were still determined to fight for the deliverance of their country from the English, should look round for some other King, under whom they might unite themselves, to combat the power of England.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading ROBERT BRUCE I hope you have not forgotten, my dear child, that all the cruel wars of Scotland arose out of the debate between the great lords who claimed the throne after King Alexander the Third's death.

Chapter 17 of Heroes Every Child Should Know by Hamilton Wright Mabie holds 256 sentences, grouped into 52 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Heroes Every Child Should Know contain?

Chapter 17 holds 256 sentences of Heroes Every Child Should Know, unabridged, divided into 52 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Heroes Every Child Should Know by Hamilton Wright Mabie exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 256 sentences, grouped into 52 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Heroes Every Child Should Know?

Work through the 52 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 52 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Heroes Every Child Should Know

Common questions about reading Heroes Every Child Should Know by Hamilton Wright Mabie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Heroes Every Child Should Know?

Yes. All 4232 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4265 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Heroes Every Child Should Know is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4265, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Heroes Every Child Should Know take to read?

About 352 minutes of reading across 847 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Heroes Every Child Should Know section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Heroes Every Child Should Know

Words and structures a reader meets early in Heroes Every Child Should Know, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Princes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Heroes Every Child Should Know; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twins
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Heroes Every Child Should Know; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Names
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Heroes Every Child Should Know; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Acrisius
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Heroes Every Child Should Know; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.