used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
affordedverbUS /əˈfɔːrdəd/
past form of “afford” — be able to spare or give up
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
amidstprepositionUS /əˈmɪdst/
in the middle of; surrounded by
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
arrestverbUS /ərˈest/
take into custody
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
marked by strong resentment or cynicism
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
blushedverbUS /blʌʃt/
past form of “blush” — turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
broodverbUS /bruːd/
think moodily or anxiously about something
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
calamitiesnounUS /kəˈlæmətiz/
plural of “calamity” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
calculatedadjectiveUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/
carefully thought out in advance
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
cataractnounUS /ˈkætərækt/
an eye disease that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
plural of “child” — a young person of either sex
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
conflagrationnounUS /ˌkɑːnfləˈɡreɪʃən/
a very intense and uncontrolled fire
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/
(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/
treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
Culloden
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
curbnounUS /kɜːrb/
an edge between a sidewalk and a roadway consisting of a line of curbstones (usually forming part of a gutter)
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
recognizable; marked
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
defeatnounUS /dɪˈfiːt/
an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
separated into parts or pieces
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
being or moving lower in position or less in some value
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
compelled forcibly by an outside agency
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
remove the dust from
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
dwellingsnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋz/
plural of “dwelling” — housing that someone is living in
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
every one of two or more people or things, taken separately
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
enthusiasticallyadverbUS /ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪkli/
with enthusiasm; in an enthusiastic manner
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
espousedverbUS /ɪˈspaʊzd/
past form of “espouse” — choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
divisible by two
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
extinguishverbUS /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/
put an end to; kill
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
fastnesses
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
a formation of aircraft in flight
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
flowedverbUS /floʊd/
past form of “flow” — move or progress freely as if in a stream
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
forcibleadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrsəbəl/
impelled by physical force especially against resistance
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
obtain
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
glensnounUS /ɡlenz/
plural of “glen” — a narrow secluded valley (in the mountains)
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/
the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
heroismnounUS /ˈheroʊɪzəm/
the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
HighlandersnounUS /ˈhaɪlændərz/
plural of “highlander” — a soldier in a Scottish regiment from the Highlands
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
the aggregate of past events
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
low or inferior in station or quality
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
of great significance or value
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
inaccessibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnəkˈsesəbəl/
capable of being reached only with great difficulty or not at all
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
being or characteristic of a single thing or person
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
indomitableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɑːmətəbəl/
impossible to subdue
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/
moving to the inside of something
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
used when the thing doing the action is also its object
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
prefer or wish to do something
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/
of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
for more time
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
most important element
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
massacredverbUS /ˈmæsəkərd/
past form of “massacre” — kill a large number of people indiscriminately
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/
plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used to say something is possible but not certain
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used to form the superlative
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
not any; not one
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/
above and across; more than
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
have ownership or possession of
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
unique or specific to a person or thing or category
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
perishingverbUS /ˈperɪʃɪŋ/
-ing form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
inflected form of “permit” — consent to, give permission
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
something determined in relation to something that includes it
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
possession of controlling influence
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
puerileadjectiveUS /pjuːˈriːl/
of or characteristic of a child
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
a calm, lengthy, intent consideration
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
rockyadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːki/
abounding in rocks or stones
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
try to get or reach
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
separationnounUS /ˌsepərˈeɪʃən/
the state of lacking unity
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
small or little relative to something else
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
snowsnounUS /snoʊz/
plural of “snow” — precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
characterized by or preferring solitude
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
subdueverbUS /səbˈduː/
put down by force or intimidation
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
of the kind already mentioned
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
theirspronounUS /ðerz/
the one or ones belonging to them
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
in or at that place or location
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
in spite of the fact that
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
from one end or side of something to the other
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
in contact with each other or in proximity
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
tragediesnounUS /ˈtrædʒədiz/
plural of “tragedy” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
consistent with fact or reality; not false
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
undistinguishedadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/
not special in any way; lacking distinction
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
unitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/
characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
unobservedadjective
not seen or observed
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
precisely as stated
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
warlikeadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːrlaɪk/
disposed to warfare or hard-line policies
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading But heroism such as theirs was not to be crushed even by such calamities as these,--calamities which were calculated to have bowed down less lofty and indomitable spirits to the very dust.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
at the time that
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
in or at the place that
From this reading They were divided, as its stream might be, into smaller and less important bodies, and their power was no longer so forcible as when they were united together in one stream, but each individual portion seemed to gain a particular character and consequence of its own by its separation from the main body, where it had hitherto flowed undistinguished and unobserved.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
an old and formal word for “while”
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
which person or people
From this reading The decided though cruel measures which followed the defeat of Culloden, whilst they were sufficient to extinguish the hopes of the Highlanders who had so enthusiastically espoused the cause of Charles, were ill calculated to subdue their warlike spirits.
wildestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪldɪst/
superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
in the company of; together with
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
wivesnounUS /waɪvz/
plural of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past
From this reading With them the effect was like that which would result from some puerile attempt to curb and arrest the mountain cataract.
wrongsnounUS /rɔːŋz/
plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law
From this reading They were driven, it is true, to seek shelter in those rocky and inaccessible fastnesses which their highest glens afforded them; but there, amidst the wildest and most solitary scenes of nature, they permitted their minds to brood in bitter reflection over all their wrongs--over all those tragedies which history itself has blushed to record--their wives and children massacred amidst the midnight conflagration of their humble dwellings, or perishing in their flight through the snows of winter.
