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Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work
Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:
That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.
Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.
Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:
Line 2
Line 3
That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.
/ðæt ˈɜːrθwɜːrk ɪz ðə ˈɜːrθwɜːrk wer ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ stʊd əˈɡenst ðə tʃɑːrdʒ ʌv ðə tenθ ˈliːdʒən ənd fɜːrst hɜːrd ˈsaʊndɪŋ ɑːn ðer brɑːnz ðə ɑːrmz ʌv ˈsiːzər/
Line 4
Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.
Line 5
Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?
/ɪz ɪt nɑːt æn ɪˈnɔːrməs ˈbɪznəs ˈmɪrli tuː stænd ɪn sʌtʃ ə pleɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barbarian noun US /bɑːrˈberiən/

a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading “Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.”

devious adjective US /ˈdiːviəs/

indirect in departing from the accepted or proper way; misleading

From this reading “Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.”

earthwork noun US /ˈɜːrθwɜːrk/

an earthen rampart

From this reading “That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.”

formation noun US /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading “Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.”

Legion noun US /ˈliːdʒən/

archaic terms for army

From this reading “That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.”

opposing adjective US /əˈpoʊzɪŋ/

characterized by active hostility

From this reading “Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.”

scattering noun US /ˈskætərɪŋ/

a small number (of something) dispersed haphazardly

From this reading “Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.”

woodland noun US /ˈwʊdlænd/

land that is covered with trees and shrubs

From this reading “Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

barbariannounUS /bɑːrˈberiən/

a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

Bellocnoun

English author (born in France) remembered especially for his verse for children (1870-1953)

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

bronzenounUS /brɑːnz/

an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements; also any copper-base alloy containing other elements in place of tin

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

CaesarnounUS /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

deviousadjectiveUS /ˈdiːviəs/

indirect in departing from the accepted or proper way; misleading

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

earthworknounUS /ˈɜːrθwɜːrk/

an earthen rampart

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

essaynounUS /eˈseɪ/

an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

forded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

formationnounUS /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

HISTORICALadjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

LastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

LegionnounUS /ˈliːdʒən/

archaic terms for army

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

opposingadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzɪŋ/

characterized by active hostility

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

pathsnounUS /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

pursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

recordedadjectiveUS /rəˈkɔːrdɪd/

set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

scatteringnounUS /ˈskætərɪŋ/

a small number (of something) dispersed haphazardly

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

soundingadjectiveUS /ˈsaʊndɪŋ/

appearing to be as specified; usually used as combining forms

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

TenthnounUS /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Is it not an enormous business merely to stand in such a place?

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading That earthwork is the earthwork where the British stood against the charge of the Tenth Legion, and first heard, sounding on their bronze, the arms of Caesar.

woodlandnounUS /ˈwʊdlænd/

land that is covered with trees and shrubs

From this reading Here the river was forded; here the little men of the South went up in formation; here the barbarian broke and took his way, as the opposing General has recorded, through devious woodland paths, scattering in the pursuit; here began the great history of England.

WRITERnounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading THE HISTORICAL WRITER In an essay in _First and Last_, Mr. Belloc says:

Chapter 9 of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work by C. Creighton Mandell holds 146 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work contain?

Chapter 9 holds 146 sentences of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work by C. Creighton Mandell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 146 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #27585, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 161 minutes of reading across 389 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hilaire
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Belloc
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Methuen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hilaire Belloc, the man and his work; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.