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Historic Girlhoods, Part One
Historic Girlhoods, Part One

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Historic Girlhoods, Part One is here in full — 482 sentences across 97 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Historic Girlhoods, Part One
Context Illustration Reading 1/96 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.
The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.
Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.
It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.
Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Historic Girlhoods, Part One

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Historic Girlhoods, Part One is here in full — 482 sentences across 97 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/96 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.
/ðə ˈmeɪflaʊər left ɪn ðə ˈɜːrli sprɪŋ ənd æt ˈnɪrli ðə seɪm taɪm dʒɑːn ˈkɑːrvər ðə fɜːrst ˈɡʌvərnər daɪd/
Line 2
The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.
Line 3
Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.
/ˈbɪldɪŋ ənd ˈfɑːrmɪŋ wɑːz naʊ prəˈɡresɪŋ ˈræpədli ənd ðə taʊn bɪˈɡæn tuː teɪk ˈdefənət ʃeɪp/
Line 4
It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.
/ɪt stʊd ɑːn ˈraɪzɪŋ ɡraʊnd ˈoʊnli ə ʃɔːrt ˈdɪstəns frʌm ðə biːtʃ/
Line 5
Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.
/tuː striːts krɔːst wʌn əˈnʌðər ənd wer ðeɪ met stʊd ðə ˈɡʌvərnərz haʊs wɪð æn ˈoʊ.pən ˈkɑːmən ɪn frʌnt ʌv ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bradford noun US /ˈbrædfərd/

United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

From this reading “The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.”

Carver noun US /ˈkɑːrvər/

United States botanist and agricultural chemist who developed many uses for peanuts and soy beans and sweet potatoes (1864-1943)

From this reading “The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.”

definite adjective US /ˈdefənət/

precise; explicit and clearly defined

From this reading “Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.”

farming noun US /ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/

the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

From this reading “Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.”

Governor's noun US /ˈɡʌvərnərz/

possessive form of “governor” — the head of a state government

From this reading “Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.”

Mayflower noun US /ˈmeɪflaʊər/

the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to Massachusetts in 1620

progressing verb US /prəˈɡresɪŋ/

-ing form of “progress” — develop in a positive way

From this reading “Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.”

settlers noun US /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

definite shape adjective + noun

In this reading “Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.”

short distance adjective + noun

In this reading “It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.”

rising ground adjective + noun

In this reading “It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.”

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.”

stood on verb + particle

In this reading “It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

beachnounUS /biːtʃ/

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

BradfordnounUS /ˈbrædfərd/

United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

From this reading The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.

BuildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

CarvernounUS /ˈkɑːrvər/

United States botanist and agricultural chemist who developed many uses for peanuts and soy beans and sweet potatoes (1864-1943)

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

choseverbUS /tʃoʊz/

inflected form of “choose” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

definiteadjectiveUS /ˈdefənət/

precise; explicit and clearly defined

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

farmingnounUS /ˈfɑːrmɪŋ/

the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

GovernornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

Governor'snounUS /ˈɡʌvərnərz/

possessive form of “governor” — the head of a state government

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

MayflowernounUS /ˈmeɪflaʊər/

the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to Massachusetts in 1620

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.

progressingverbUS /prəˈɡresɪŋ/

-ing form of “progress” — develop in a positive way

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.

shapenounUS /ʃeɪp/

any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading It stood on rising ground only a short distance from the beach.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The _Mayflower_ left in the early spring and at nearly the same time John Carver, the first Governor, died.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

TwonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Building and farming was now progressing rapidly and the town began to take definite shape.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The settlers chose William Bradford Governor in his place.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Two streets crossed one another and where they met stood the Governor's house with an open common in front of it.

Chapter 4 of Historic Girlhoods, Part One by Rupert Sargent Holland holds 482 sentences, grouped into 97 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Historic Girlhoods, Part One contain?

Chapter 4 holds 482 sentences of Historic Girlhoods, Part One, unabridged, divided into 97 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Historic Girlhoods, Part One by Rupert Sargent Holland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 482 sentences, grouped into 97 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Historic Girlhoods, Part One?

Work through the 97 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 97 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Historic Girlhoods, Part One

Common questions about reading Historic Girlhoods, Part One by Rupert Sargent Holland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Historic Girlhoods, Part One?

Yes. All 1924 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43538 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Historic Girlhoods, Part One is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43538, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Historic Girlhoods, Part One take to read?

About 160 minutes of reading across 385 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Historic Girlhoods, Part One section by section

How to work through Historic Girlhoods, Part One section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Historic Girlhoods, Part One to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Historic Girlhoods, Part One

Words and structures a reader meets early in Historic Girlhoods, Part One, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Rupert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Historic Girlhoods, Part One; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Holland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Historic Girlhoods, Part One; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Historic Girlhoods, Part One; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Historic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Historic Girlhoods, Part One; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.