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History of California
History of California

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of History of California is here in full — 69 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Groves Were God’s First Temples If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.
What a desolate picture is this!
What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!
During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.
In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

History of California

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of History of California is here in full — 69 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Groves Were God’s First TemplesIf the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.
Line 2
What a desolate picture is this!
/wʌt ə ˈdesələt ˈpɪktʃər ɪz ðɪs/
Line 3
What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!
/wʌt ə ɡreɪv tʃɑːrdʒ wɪl ðə ˈpiːpəl ʌv ðə ˈfjuːtʃər hæv tuː brɪŋ əˈɡenst ʌs ðæt wiː ˈrekləsli dɪˈstrɔɪ ðə triːz wʌn ʌv ɡɑːdz moʊst ˈbjuːtəfəl ənd ˈjuːsfəl ɡɪfts tuː mæn wɪˈθaʊt ˈiːvɪn æn ɪnˈdevər tuː ˌriːˈpleɪs ðə lɔːs baɪ riˈplæntɪŋ/
Line 4
During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.
/ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə læst ˈhʌndrəd jɪrz ðə əˈmerəkən ˈlʌmbər belt hæz muːvd ˈwestwərd ˈoʊvər ə waɪd speɪs/
Line 5
In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!
/ɪn ðə ˈɜːrli deɪz ʌv ˈaʊər ˈhɪstəri ˈnɪrli ðə ɪnˈtaɪər səˈplaɪ keɪm frʌm meɪn ənd wʌt ˈɪntrəstɪŋ ˈstɔːriz wiː hæv ʌv ðoʊz breɪv ˌpaɪəˈnɪr ˈlɑːɡərz ənd ˈsetlərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

loggers noun US /ˈlɑːɡərz/

plural of “logger” — a person who fells trees

From this reading “In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!”

Maine noun US /meɪn/

a state in New England

From this reading “In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!”

pioneer noun US /ˌpaɪəˈnɪr/

someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art

From this reading “In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!”

recklessly adverb US /ˈrekləsli/

in a reckless manner

From this reading “What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!”

replace verb US /ˌriːˈpleɪs/

substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading “What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!”

replanting verb US /riˈplæntɪŋ/

-ing form of “replant” — plant again or anew

From this reading “What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!”

settlers noun US /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!”

treeless adjective US /ˈtriːləs/

not wooded

From this reading ““The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

beltnounUS /belt/

endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading What a desolate picture is this!

destroyverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

endeavornounUS /ɪnˈdevər/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

forestsnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

giftsnounUS /ɡɪfts/

plural of “gift” — something acquired without compensation

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

God'snounUS /ɡɑːdz/

possessive form of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

GrovesnounUS /ɡroʊvz/

United States general who served as military director of the atomic bomb project (1896-1970)

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What a desolate picture is this!

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

loggersnounUS /ˈlɑːɡərz/

plural of “logger” — a person who fells trees

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

lumbernounUS /ˈlʌmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

MainenounUS /meɪn/

a state in New England

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading What a desolate picture is this!

pioneernounUS /ˌpaɪəˈnɪr/

someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

recklesslyadverbUS /ˈrekləsli/

in a reckless manner

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

replaceverbUS /ˌriːˈpleɪs/

substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

replantingverbUS /riˈplæntɪŋ/

-ing form of “replant” — plant again or anew

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

storiesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

TemplesnounUS /ˈtempəlz/

plural of “temple” — place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In the early days of our history nearly the entire supply came from Maine, and what interesting stories we have of those brave pioneer loggers and settlers!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

treelessadjectiveUS /ˈtriːləs/

not wooded

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading What a grave charge will the people of the future have to bring against us that we recklessly destroy the trees, one of God’s most beautiful and useful gifts to man, without even an endeavor to replace the loss by replanting!

Wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

westwardadverbUS /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What a desolate picture is this!

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading During the last hundred years the American lumber belt has moved westward over a wide space.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

woodless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading “The Groves Were God’s First Temples” If the people of this century continue the destruction of trees as they are doing at present, a hundred years from now this will be a world without forests, a woodless, treeless waste.

Chapter 12 of History of California by Helen Elliott Bandini holds 69 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of History of California contain?

Chapter 12 holds 69 sentences of History of California, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of History of California by Helen Elliott Bandini exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 69 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of History of California?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading History of California

Common questions about reading History of California by Helen Elliott Bandini on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of History of California?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of History of California is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does History of California take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read History of California section by section

How to work through History of California section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of History of California to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in History of California

Words and structures a reader meets early in History of California, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of History of California, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of History of California, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of History of California, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.