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History of English Humour — Vol. 1
History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
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Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.
The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.
Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.
His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.
His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.
Line 2
The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.
/ðə ɪɡˈzæmpəl set baɪ ˈboʊmɔːnt ənd ˈfletʃər siːmz tuː hæv bɪn mʌtʃ ˈfɑːloʊd baɪ ðer ˌɪˈmiːdiːət səkˈsesərz/
Line 3
Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.
Line 4
His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.
/hɪz ˈpaʊər ʌv ˌɪnˈvektɪv wɑːz wel noʊn ənd ɪn hɪz ˈhjuːmər ðer ɪz sʌtʃ ˈstreɪnɪŋ ˈæftər strɔːŋ wɜːrdz ənd ɪˈfektɪv ˈfreɪzəz æz tuː siːm kwaɪt ənˈnætʃərəl/
Line 5
His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alpine adjective US /ˈælpaɪn/

relating to or characteristic of alps

From this reading “His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."”

Beaumont noun US /ˈboʊmɔːnt/

United States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853)

From this reading “The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.”

Decker noun US /ˈdekər/

English dramatist and pamphleteer (1572-1632)

From this reading “Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.”

Gull's noun US /ɡʌlz/

possessive form of “gull” — a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of

From this reading “His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."”

Hornbook noun US /ˈhɔːrnbʊk/

a primer that provides instruction in the rudiments or basic skills of a branch of knowledge

From this reading “His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."”

invective noun US /ˌɪnˈvektɪv/

abusive or venomous language used to express blame or censure or bitter deep-seated ill will

From this reading “His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.”

railings noun US /ˈreɪlɪŋz/

plural of “railing” — a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading “His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."”

successors noun US /səkˈsesərz/

plural of “successor” — a person who follows next in order

From this reading “The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

AlpineadjectiveUS /ˈælpaɪn/

relating to or characteristic of alps

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

BeaumontnounUS /ˈboʊmɔːnt/

United States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853)

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

ComicadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmɪk/

arousing or provoking laughter

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

conjointlyadverb

in conjunction with; combined

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

coxcombs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

DeckernounUS /ˈdekər/

English dramatist and pamphleteer (1572-1632)

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

DramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

effectiveadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪv/

producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

Etherege

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

FletchernounUS /ˈfletʃər/

prolific English dramatist who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and many other dramatists (1579-1625)

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

Gull'snounUS /ɡʌlz/

possessive form of “gull” — a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

HornbooknounUS /ˈhɔːrnbʊk/

a primer that provides instruction in the rudiments or basic skills of a branch of knowledge

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

humournounUS /ˈhjuːmər/

a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

immediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːət/

of the present time and place

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

invectivenounUS /ˌɪnˈvektɪv/

abusive or venomous language used to express blame or censure or bitter deep-seated ill will

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

MiddletonnounUS /ˈmɪdəltən/

English playwright and pamphleteer (1570-1627)

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

phrasesnounUS /ˈfreɪzəz/

plural of “phrase” — an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

quenchverbUS /kwentʃ/

satisfy

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

railingsnounUS /ˈreɪlɪŋz/

plural of “railing” — a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

resolutionsnounUS /ˌrezəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “resolution” — a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

RestorationnounUS /ˌrestərˈeɪʃən/

the reign of Charles II in England; 1660-1685

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

strainingnounUS /ˈstreɪnɪŋ/

an intense or violent exertion

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

successorsnounUS /səkˈsesərz/

plural of “successor” — a person who follows next in order

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The example set by Beaumont and Fletcher seems to have been much followed by their immediate successors.

unnaturaladjectiveUS /ənˈnætʃərəl/

not in accordance with or determined by nature; contrary to nature

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

vinegarnounUS /ˈvɪnəɡər/

sour-tasting liquid produced usually by oxidation of the alcohol in wine or cider and used as a condiment or food preservative

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

WebsternounUS /ˈwebstər/

English playwright (1580-1625)

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading His power of invective was well known; and in his humour there is such straining after strong words and effective phrases, as to seem quite unnatural.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading His "Gull's Hornbook" is written against coxcombs, and he says their "vinegar railings shall not quench his Alpine resolutions."

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Decker wrote conjointly with Webster and Middleton, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish his work.

Wycherleynoun

English playwright noted for his humorous and satirical plays (1640-1716)

From this reading Comic Drama of the Restoration--Etherege--Wycherley.

Chapter 12 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 by A. G. K. (Alfred Guy Kingan) L'Estrange holds 127 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 contain?

Chapter 12 holds 127 sentences of History of English Humour — Vol. 1, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 by A. G. K. (Alfred Guy Kingan) L'Estrange exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 127 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Common questions about reading History of English Humour — Vol. 1 by A. G. K. (Alfred Guy Kingan) L'Estrange on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of History of English Humour — Vol. 1?

Yes. All 3569 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18300 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18300, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does History of English Humour — Vol. 1 take to read?

About 297 minutes of reading across 714 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read History of English Humour — Vol. 1 section by section

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Vocabulary met early in History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in History of English Humour — Vol. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Humour
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preliminary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.