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History of English Humour — Vol. 1
History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 is here in full — 196 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
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Congreve--Lord Dorset.
The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.
He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.
We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.
"The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 is here in full — 196 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Congreve--Lord Dorset.
Line 2
The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.
Line 3
He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.
/hiː ɪz æn ˈɪnstəns ʌv ðæt ˈjuːnjən ʌv ˈaɪrɪʃ ˌvɜːrsəˈtɪləti wɪð ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ rɪˈflekʃən wɪtʃ hæz prəˈduːst ðə moʊst ˈseləbreɪtɪd wɪts/
Line 4
We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.
/wiː ˈɔːlsoʊ mɑːrk ɪn hɪm ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt ɪn ˈdeləkəsi/
Line 5
"The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

birthplace noun US /ˈbɜːrθpleɪs/

the place where someone was born

From this reading “The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.”

commissioners noun US /kəˈmɪʃənərz/

plural of “commissioner” — a government administrator

From this reading “"The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.”

Dublin noun US /ˈdʌblɪn/

capital and largest city and major port of the Irish Republic

From this reading “The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.”

educated adjective US /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading “The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.”

Halifax noun US /ˈhælɪfæks/

provincial capital and largest city of Nova Scotia

From this reading “"The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.”

improvement noun US /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading “We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.”

licensing verb US /ˈlaɪsənsɪŋ/

-ing form of “license” — authorize officially

From this reading “"The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.”

versatility noun US /ˌvɜːrsəˈtɪləti/

having a wide variety of skills

From this reading “He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1671

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

Batchelor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

birthplacenounUS /ˈbɜːrθpleɪs/

the place where someone was born

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

commissionersnounUS /kəˈmɪʃənərz/

plural of “commissioner” — a government administrator

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

Congrevenoun

English playwright remembered for his comedies (1670-1729)

From this reading Congreve--Lord Dorset.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

CustomnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

delicacynounUS /ˈdeləkəsi/

the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

Dorset

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Congreve--Lord Dorset.

DublinnounUS /ˈdʌblɪn/

capital and largest city and major port of the Irish Republic

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

hackney-coaches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

HalifaxnounUS /ˈhælɪfæks/

provincial capital and largest city of Nova Scotia

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

IrishnounUS /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

Kilkenny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

licensingverbUS /ˈlaɪsənsɪŋ/

-ing form of “license” — authorize officially

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Congreve--Lord Dorset.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

OfficenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

PipenounUS /paɪp/

a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

reflectionnounUS /rɪˈflekʃən/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading "The Old Batchelor" was his first play, the success of which was so great that Lord Halifax made him one of the commissioners for licensing hackney-coaches; he afterwards gave him a place in the Pipe Office and Custom House.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

unionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

versatilitynounUS /ˌvɜːrsəˈtɪləti/

having a wide variety of skills

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The birthplace of Congreve is uncertain, but he was born about 1671, and was educated in Kilkenny and Dublin.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We also mark in him a considerable improvement in delicacy.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

witsnounUS /wɪts/

the basic human power of intelligent thought and perception

From this reading He is an instance of that union of Irish versatility with English reflection, which has produced the most celebrated wits.

Chapter 15 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 by A. G. K. (Alfred Guy Kingan) L'Estrange holds 196 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 contain?

Chapter 15 holds 196 sentences of History of English Humour — Vol. 1, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1 by A. G. K. (Alfred Guy Kingan) L'Estrange exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 196 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of History of English Humour — Vol. 1?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #18300, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 297 minutes of reading across 714 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in History of English Humour — Vol. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in History of English Humour — Vol. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Humour
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preliminary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of History of English Humour — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.