Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1
Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.
We have had many similar examples of female attachment.
If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?
The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.
If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.
Line 2
We have had many similar examples of female attachment.
/wiː hæv hæd ˈmeni ˈsɪmələr ɪɡˈzæmpəlz ʌv ˈfiːmeɪl əˈtætʃmənt/
Line 3
If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?
Line 4
The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.
Line 5
If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abilities noun US /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading “The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.”

affliction noun US /əˈflɪkʃən/

a state of great suffering and distress due to adversity

From this reading “If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?”

asserts verb US /əˈsɜːrts/

third-person singular of “assert” — state categorically

From this reading “The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.”

attachments noun US /əˈtætʃmənts/

plural of “attachment” — a feeling of affection for a person or an institution

From this reading “The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.”

credulous adjective US /ˈkredʒələs/

disposed to believe on little evidence

From this reading “The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.”

culpable adjective US /ˈkʌlpəbəl/

deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or injurious

From this reading “The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.”

precepts noun US /ˈpriːsepts/

plural of “precept” — rule of personal conduct

From this reading “If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?”

prints noun US /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading “The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

holy religion adjective + noun

In this reading “If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?”

different opinion adjective + noun

In this reading “The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.”

peculiar situation adjective + noun

In this reading “If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.”

any degree adjective + noun

In this reading “If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.”

in prison preposition + noun

In this reading “If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

93

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

abilitiesnounUS /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

affectionateadjectiveUS /əˈfekʃənət/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

afflictionnounUS /əˈflɪkʃən/

a state of great suffering and distress due to adversity

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

ardentadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrdənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

assertsverbUS /əˈsɜːrts/

third-person singular of “assert” — state categorically

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

assiduities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

attachmentnounUS /əˈtætʃmənt/

a feeling of affection for a person or an institution

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

attachmentsnounUS /əˈtætʃmənts/

plural of “attachment” — a feeling of affection for a person or an institution

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

bondsnounUS /bɑːndz/

plural of “bond” — an electrical force linking atoms

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

claynounUS /kleɪ/

a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

credulousadjectiveUS /ˈkredʒələs/

disposed to believe on little evidence

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

criticaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/

marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

culpableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌlpəbəl/

deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or injurious

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

deferencenounUS /ˈdefərəns/

a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

despitefullyadverb

in a maliciously spiteful manner

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

elucidationnoun

an act of explaining that serves to clear up and cast light on

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

entertainverbUS /ˌentərˈteɪn/

provide entertainment for

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

examplesnounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəlz/

plural of “example” — an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

forgiveverbUS /fərˈɡɪv/

stop blaming or grant forgiveness

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

frailadjectiveUS /freɪl/

physically weak

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

Gilpin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

meaningnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋ/

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading The female mind is naturally credulous, affectionate, and--in its attachments--ardent.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

preceptsnounUS /ˈpriːsepts/

plural of “precept” — rule of personal conduct

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

printsnounUS /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

refinedadjectiveUS /rəˈfaɪnd/

(used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

ReverendnounUS /ˈrevərənd/

a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

unnaturaladjectiveUS /ənˈnætʃərəl/

not in accordance with or determined by nature; contrary to nature

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading If, in her peculiar situation, her assiduities must be deemed in any degree culpable, let us remember that this is but a frail vessel of refined clay.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have had many similar examples of female attachment.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading If it be culpable to forgive those which have despitefully used us, to free those which are in bonds, to visit those which are in prison, and to comfort those which are in affliction, what meaning have the divine precepts of our holy religion?

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Reverend Mr. Gilpin, in his elucidation of these eight prints, asserts that "this thought is rather unnatural, and the moral certainly culpable."[93] With the utmost deference for his critical abilities, I must entertain a different opinion.

Chapter 3 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 by John, -1808 Ireland holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 414 sentences of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 by John, -1808 Ireland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1

Common questions about reading Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 by John, -1808 Ireland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1?

Yes. All 2816 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51821 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51821, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 take to read?

About 234 minutes of reading across 564 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 section by section

How to work through Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.