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Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3
Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
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OF ACADEMIES.
HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.
Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.
I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.
But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF ACADEMIES.
/ʌv əˈkædəmiz/
Line 2
HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.
Line 3
Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.
Line 4
I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.
/aɪ duː nɑːt noʊ ðæt hiː ˈevər sent ðə ɪˈpɪsəl ɔːr ædˈmɪtɪŋ hiː dɪd ðæt ɪt wɑːz ˈɑːnərd wɪð æn ˈænsər/
Line 5
But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--
/bʌt æz aɪ θɪŋk ɪt ˈprɑːbəbəl hiː hæd ˈɡɪvən ðə səbˈdʒekt sʌm kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən wɪð ðə hoʊp ʌv ˈbrɪŋɪŋ hɪz ˈprɑːdʒekt tuː ber ənd ðæt ɪn ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ˈpeɪdʒəz ˈrelətɪv tuː ðə ˈrɔɪəl əˈkæd.ə.mi hiː hæz ˈsteɪtɪd wʌt hiː ment tuː hæv sed tuː ðə pɪr aɪ hæv ˌɪnˈsɜːrtəd ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

academies noun US /əˈkædəmiz/

plural of “academy” — a secondary school (usually private)

From this reading “OF ACADEMIES.”

admitting verb US /ædˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading “I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.”

denominated verb US /dɪˈnɑːməneɪtɪd/

past form of “denominate” — assign a name or title to

From this reading “HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.”

draft noun US /dræft/

a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another

From this reading “Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.”

epistle noun US /ɪˈpɪsəl/

a specially long, formal letter

From this reading “I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.”

manufactures noun US /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərz/

plural of “manufacture” — the organized action of making of goods and services for sale

From this reading “HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.”

premiums noun US /ˈpriːmiəmz/

plural of “premium” — payment for insurance

From this reading “HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.”

projectors noun US /prəˈdʒektərz/

plural of “projector” — an optical device for projecting a beam of light

From this reading “Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rough draft adjective + noun

In this reading “Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.”

following pages adjective + noun counted as “following page”

In this reading “But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--”

much more adverb + adjective

In this reading “Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

ACADEMIESnounUS /əˈkædəmiz/

plural of “academy” — a secondary school (usually private)

From this reading OF ACADEMIES.

AcademynounUS /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

addressedadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

admittingverbUS /ædˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

ARTSnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

bringingnounUS /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

COMMERCEnounUS /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

declaringverbUS /dɪˈklerɪŋ/

-ing form of “declare” — state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

DENOMINATEDverbUS /dɪˈnɑːməneɪtɪd/

past form of “denominate” — assign a name or title to

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

disapprobationnoun

an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

draftnounUS /dræft/

a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

DRAWINGSnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋz/

plural of “drawing” — an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

ENCOURAGEMENTnounUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒmənt/

the expression of approval and support

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

endeavouring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

epistlenounUS /ɪˈpɪsəl/

a specially long, formal letter

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

establishverbUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

set up or found

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

GIVINGnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

HOGARTH'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

honouredverbUS /ˈɑːnərd/

past form of “honour” — bestow honor or rewards upon

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

insertedverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɜːrtəd/

past form of “insert” — put or introduce into something

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

MANUFACTURESnounUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərz/

plural of “manufacture” — the organized action of making of goods and services for sale

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

noblemannounUS /ˈnoʊbəlmən/

a titled peer of the realm

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

NOWadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF ACADEMIES.

OPINIONnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

papersnounUS /ˈpeɪpərz/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

PeernounUS /pɪr/

a person who is of equal standing with another in a group

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

PICTURESnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

PREMIUMSnounUS /ˈpriːmiəmz/

plural of “premium” — payment for insurance

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

probableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːbəbəl/

likely but not certain to be or become true or real

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

projectverbUS /ˈprɑːdʒekt/

communicate vividly

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

projectorsnounUS /prəˈdʒektərz/

plural of “projector” — an optical device for projecting a beam of light

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

relativenounUS /ˈrelətɪv/

a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

ROYALadjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

schemenounUS /skiːm/

an elaborate and systematic plan of action

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

SOCIETYnounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

statedadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtɪd/

declared as fact; explicitly stated

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

statingverbUS /ˈsteɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “state” — express in words

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

THATconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HOGARTH'S OPINION OF THAT NOW DENOMINATED ROYAL; AND OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE, GIVING PREMIUMS FOR PICTURES AND DRAWINGS.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading But as I think it probable he had given the subject some consideration, with the hope of bringing his project to bear, and that in the following pages relative to the Royal Academy he has stated what he meant to have said to the Peer, I have inserted it:--

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I do not know that he ever sent the epistle, or admitting he did, that it was honoured with an answer.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Among Hogarth's loose papers I found the rough draft of a letter (addressed but not directed) to a nobleman, declaring his disapprobation of a scheme by which certain projectors were endeavouring to establish a Royal Academy, and stating that he had a plan which would be much more useful.

Chapter 4 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 by John, -1808 Ireland holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 136 sentences of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 by John, -1808 Ireland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 by John, -1808 Ireland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3?

Yes. All 3525 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52181 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #52181, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 take to read?

About 293 minutes of reading across 705 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 section by section

How to work through Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Superscript
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hogarth's Works, with Life and Anecdotal — Volume 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.