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How?
How?

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of How? is here in full — 490 sentences across 98 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for How?
Context Illustration Reading 1/98 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.
This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.
The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.
The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.
THE SIDE-WHEELER.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

How?

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of How? is here in full — 490 sentences across 98 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/98 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.
Line 2
This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.
/ðɪs prəˈpelər meɪ biː ˈpeɪntɪd tuː suːt ðə ˈfænsi bʌt ˈjuːʒəwəli ɪz blæk wɪð ə ˈneroʊ ˈjeloʊ ɔːr waɪt straɪp nɪr ðə tɑːp/
Line 3
The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.
/ðə ˈloʊər θɜːrd ɪz ˈfriːkwəntli ˈpeɪntɪd ɡriːn ˌhaʊˈevər wɪtʃ ædz kənˈsɪdərəbli tuː ɪts ˈnɔːtəkəl əˈpɪrəns/
Line 4
The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.
/ðə ˈwɪndmɪl ʃʊd biː ə braɪt red ənd ðə ɪnˈtaɪər ˈvesəl ʃʊd hæv ˈplenti ʌv taɪm tuː draɪ bɪˈfɔːr ˈbiːɪŋ pleɪst ɪn ɪts ˈfaɪnəl pəˈzɪʃən/
Line 5
THE SIDE-WHEELER.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adds noun US /ædz/

plural of “add” — a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders

From this reading “The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.”

flannel noun US /ˈflænəl/

a soft light woolen fabric; used for clothing

From this reading “The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.”

galvanized verb US /ˈɡælvənaɪzd/

past form of “galvanize” — to stimulate to action

From this reading “The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.”

nautical adjective US /ˈnɔːtəkəl/

relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen

From this reading “The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.”

propeller noun US /prəˈpelər/

a mechanical device that rotates to push against air or water

From this reading “This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.”

stays noun US /steɪz/

a woman's close-fitting foundation garment

From this reading “The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.”

stripe noun US /straɪp/

an adornment consisting of a strip of a contrasting color or material

From this reading “This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.”

windmill noun US /ˈwɪndmɪl/

a mill that is powered by the wind

From this reading “The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

blue flannel adjective + noun

In this reading “The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.”

bright red adjective + noun

In this reading “The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.”

painted green adjective + noun

In this reading “The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.”

adds considerably verb + particle counted as “add considerably”

In this reading “The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

addsnounUS /ædz/

plural of “add” — a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

bowspritnoun

a spar projecting from the bow of a vessel

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

considerablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

coppernounUS /ˈkɑːpər/

a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

flagsnounUS /flæɡz/

plural of “flag” — emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

flannelnounUS /ˈflænəl/

a soft light woolen fabric; used for clothing

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

frequentlyadverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntli/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

galvanizedverbUS /ˈɡælvənaɪzd/

past form of “galvanize” — to stimulate to action

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

nauticaladjectiveUS /ˈnɔːtəkəl/

relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

paintedadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪntɪd/

coated with paint

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

propellernounUS /prəˈpelər/

a mechanical device that rotates to push against air or water

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

SIDE-WHEELERnoun

a paddle steamer having a paddle wheel on each side

From this reading THE SIDE-WHEELER.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

staysnounUS /steɪz/

a woman's close-fitting foundation garment

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

stripenounUS /straɪp/

an adornment consisting of a strip of a contrasting color or material

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

toughadjectiveUS /tʌf/

not given to gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The lower third is frequently painted green, however, which adds considerably to its nautical appearance.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

windmillnounUS /ˈwɪndmɪl/

a mill that is powered by the wind

From this reading The windmill should be a bright red, and the entire vessel should have plenty of time to dry before being placed in its final position.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading The flags are of red and blue flannel, the stays of copper or galvanized wire, and the bowsprit a small stick, cut from a tough bit of wood.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading This propeller may be painted to suit the fancy, but usually is black, with a narrow yellow or white stripe near the top.

Chapter 4 of How? by Kennedy Holbrook holds 490 sentences, grouped into 98 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of How? contain?

Chapter 4 holds 490 sentences of How?, unabridged, divided into 98 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of How? by Kennedy Holbrook exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 490 sentences, grouped into 98 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of How??

Work through the 98 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 98 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading How?

Common questions about reading How? by Kennedy Holbrook on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of How??

Yes. All 2296 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51315 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of How? is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51315, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does How? take to read?

About 191 minutes of reading across 460 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read How? section by section

How to work through How? section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of How? to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in How?

Words and structures a reader meets early in How?, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Kennedy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Holbrook
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Worthington
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.