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How to build a house
How to build a house

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of How to build a house is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.
When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.
He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.
The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.
They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

How to build a house

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of How to build a house is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.
/ˈɔːrdər ɪn ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ ðə wɜːrk ðə ˈnɪrər ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ wɑːz tuː kəmˈpliːʃən ðə mɔːr ˈkɑːmpləkeɪtəd dɪd ðə ˈɔːfɪs wɜːrk bɪˈkʌm/
Line 2
When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.
/wen pɔːl sɔː ðæt ˈnɪrli ɔːl ðə pərˈtɪkjələrz hæd bɪn ˈfɜːrnɪʃt tuː ðə ˈkɑːntræktərz hiː θɔːt ðæt hiː wʊd ˈoʊnli hæv tuː siː ðæt ˈevəri pɑːrt wɑːz ˈduːli kənˈstrʌktəd ənd pʊt ɪn pleɪs əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tuː hɪz ˈkʌzənz ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃənz bʌt ðə ˈɔːfɪs wɜːrk wɪtʃ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə fɜːrst fjuː mʌnθs hæd ˈteɪkən ˈoʊnli tuː ɔːr θriː ˈaʊərz ə deɪ wɑːz bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ˈoʊnərəs/
Line 3
He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.
/hiː hæd tuː ərˈeɪndʒ ðə ˌmemərˈændə ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː ˌæsərˈteɪn ðə ˈkwɑːntətiz ənd ðæt taɪm maɪt nɑːt biː lɔːst hiː wɑːz əˈblaɪdʒd tuː raɪt ɔːr ɡɪv ˈɔːrdərz tuː ðə ˈwɜːrkmɪn ðæt ðeɪ maɪt kʌm æt ðə ˈveri ˈmoʊmənt ðeɪ wɜːr ˈwɔːntɪd ənd ɪn ˈsɜːrtən ˈkeɪsəz wɜːrk təˈɡeðər/
Line 4
The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.
Line 5
They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contractors noun US /ˈkɑːntræktərz/

plural of “contractor” — someone (a person or firm) who contracts to build things

From this reading “When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.”

cramps noun US /kræmps/

plural of “cramp” — a painful and involuntary muscular contraction

From this reading “They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.”

flooring noun US /ˈflɔːrɪŋ/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading “The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.”

joiner noun US /ˈdʒɔɪnər/

a person who likes to join groups

From this reading “The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.”

memoranda noun US /ˌmemərˈændə/

a written proposal or reminder

From this reading “He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.”

onerous adjective US /ˈoʊnərəs/

not easily borne; wearing

From this reading “When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.”

specify verb US /ˈspesəfaɪ/

specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement

From this reading “They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.”

Tours noun US /tʊrz/

an industrial city in western France on the Loire River

From this reading “They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few months adjective + noun counted as “few month”

In this reading “When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.”

three hours noun + noun

In this reading “When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.”

in order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.”

nearly all adverb + adjective

In this reading “When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.”

give orders verb + noun counted as “give order”

In this reading “He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.”

work together verb + particle

In this reading “He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.”

very moment adjective + noun

In this reading “He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.”

All words in this reading · 122

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

angle-plates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

arrangeverbUS /ərˈeɪndʒ/

put into a proper or systematic order

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

articlenounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəl/

nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

ascertainverbUS /ˌæsərˈteɪn/

establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

blacksmithnounUS /ˈblæksmɪθ/

a smith who forges and shapes iron with a hammer and anvil

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

boltsnounUS /boʊlts/

plural of “bolt” — a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

cnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

completionnounUS /kəmˈpliːʃən/

(American football) a successful forward pass in football

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

complicatedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmpləkeɪtəd/

difficult to analyze or understand

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

constructedverbUS /kənˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “construct” — make by combining materials and parts

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

contractorsnounUS /ˈkɑːntræktərz/

plural of “contractor” — someone (a person or firm) who contracts to build things

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

cousin'snounUS /ˈkʌzənz/

possessive form of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

crampsnounUS /kræmps/

plural of “cramp” — a painful and involuntary muscular contraction

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

crémones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

door-bands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

door-handles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

dulyadverbUS /ˈduːli/

in accordance with what is appropriate or suitable for the circumstances

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

FINISHINGnounUS /ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ/

a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

flooringnounUS /ˈflɔːrɪŋ/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

hingesnounUS /ˈhɪndʒɪz/

plural of “hinge” — a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

instructionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

ironmongerynoun

the merchandise that is sold in an ironmonger's shop

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

joinernounUS /ˈdʒɔɪnər/

a person who likes to join groups

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

locksnounUS /lɑːks/

plural of “lock” — a fastener fitted to a door or drawer to keep it firmly closed

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

memorandanounUS /ˌmemərˈændə/

a written proposal or reminder

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

neareradverbUS /ˈnɪrər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

onerousadjectiveUS /ˈoʊnərəs/

not easily borne; wearing

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

ORDERnounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

particularsnounUS /pərˈtɪkjələrz/

plural of “particular” — a fact about some part (as opposed to general)

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

quantitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːntətiz/

plural of “quantity” — how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

specifyverbUS /ˈspesəfaɪ/

specify as a condition or requirement in a contract or agreement; make an express demand or provision in an agreement

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

ToursnounUS /tʊrz/

an industrial city in western France on the Loire River

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

window-frames

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The joiner had sent part of the doors and window-frames, and nearly all the flooring, at the end of August.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading They had then to order from the blacksmith the angle-plates, door-bands and cramps; and send to Tours for ironmongery, door-handles, _crémones_, locks, bolts, hinges, &c.; and to secure the due execution of these orders, they had to specify the size of each article as required by the strength of the wood and the nature of the articles themselves.

WORKverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading _ORDER IN FINISHING THE WORK._ The nearer the building was to completion, the more complicated did the office work become.

workmennounUS /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading When Paul saw that nearly all the particulars had been furnished to the contractors, he thought that he would only have to see that every part was duly constructed and put in place, according to his cousin’s instructions; but the office work, which during the first few months had taken only two or three hours a day, was becoming onerous.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading He had to arrange the memoranda, in order to ascertain the quantities; and that time might not be lost, he was obliged to write or give orders to the workmen, that they might come at the very moment they were wanted, and, in certain cases, work together.

Chapter 27 of How to build a house by Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of How to build a house contain?

Chapter 27 holds 59 sentences of How to build a house, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of How to build a house by Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of How to build a house?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading How to build a house

Common questions about reading How to build a house by Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of How to build a house?

Yes. All 2778 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71669 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of How to build a house is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71669, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does How to build a house take to read?

About 231 minutes of reading across 556 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read How to build a house section by section

How to work through How to build a house section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of How to build a house to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in How to build a house

Words and structures a reader meets early in How to build a house, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How to build a house; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Displayed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How to build a house; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Build
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How to build a house; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of How to build a house; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.