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Howards End
Howards End

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Howards End is here in full — 183 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Howards End
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.
Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.
This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.
Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.
And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Howards End

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Howards End is here in full — 183 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.
Line 2
Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.
Line 3
This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.
/ðɪs ˈfeɪməs ˈbɪldɪŋ hæd ərˈɪzən ðæt wɑːz duːmd/
Line 4
Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.
/təˈdeɪ ˈwaɪthɔːl hæd bɪn trænˈsfɔːrmd ɪt wʊd biː ðə tɜːrn ʌv ˈriːdʒənt striːt təˈmɑːroʊ/
Line 5
And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.
/ənd mʌnθ baɪ mʌnθ ðə roʊdz smelt mɔːr ˈstrɔːŋli ʌv ˈpetroʊl ənd wɜːr mɔːr ˈdɪfəkəlt tuː krɔːs ənd ˈhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋz hɜːrd iːtʃ ˈʌðər spiːk wɪð ˈɡreɪtər ˈdɪfəkəlti briːðd les ʌv ðə er ənd sɔː les ʌv ðə skaɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Concerts noun US /ˈkɑːnsərts/

plural of “concert” — a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging

From this reading “Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.”

cultured adjective US /ˈkʌltʃərd/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading “Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.”

emblematic adjective US /ˌembləˈmætɪk/

serving as a visible symbol for something abstract

From this reading “Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.”

flux noun US /flʌks/

the rate of flow of energy or particles across a given surface

From this reading “Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.”

petrol noun US /ˈpetroʊl/

a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines

From this reading “And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.”

reputations noun US /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “reputation” — the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading “Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.”

tides noun US /taɪdz/

plural of “tide” — the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull of the moon

From this reading “Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.”

Whitehall noun US /ˈwaɪthɔːl/

a wide street in London stretching from Trafalgar Square to the Houses of Parliament; site of many government offices

From this reading “Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

arisenverbUS /ərˈɪzən/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

beingsnounUS /ˈbiːɪŋz/

plural of “being” — the state or fact of existing

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

breathedadjectiveUS /briːðd/

uttered without voice

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

ConcertsnounUS /ˈkɑːnsərts/

plural of “concert” — a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

continualadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəl/

recurring regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

culturedadjectiveUS /ˈkʌltʃərd/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

doomedadjectiveUS /duːmd/

marked for certain death

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

emblematicadjectiveUS /ˌembləˈmætɪk/

serving as a visible symbol for something abstract

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

famousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

fluxnounUS /flʌks/

the rate of flow of energy or particles across a given surface

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

gracefullyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪsfəli/

in a graceful manner

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

Hertfordshirenoun

a county in southern England

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

householdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

ignobleadjectiveUS /ˌɪɡˈnoʊbəl/

completely lacking nobility in character or quality or purpose

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

OverprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

petrolnounUS /ˈpetroʊl/

a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

RegentnounUS /ˈriːdʒənt/

members of a governing board

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

renewedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnuːd/

restored to a new condition

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

reputationsnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “reputation” — the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

Schlegel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

shallows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

smeltnounUS /smelt/

small cold-water silvery fish; migrate between salt and fresh water

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

StreetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

stronglyadverbUS /ˈstrɔːŋli/

with strength or in a strong manner

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

SurreynounUS /ˈsɜːri/

a county in southeastern England on the Thames

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

swimmingnounUS /ˈswɪmɪŋ/

the act of swimming

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

tidesnounUS /taɪdz/

plural of “tide” — the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull of the moon

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

TodaynounUS /təˈdeɪ/

the present time or age

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

tomorrownounUS /təˈmɑːroʊ/

the day after today

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

transformedadjectiveUS /trænˈsfɔːrmd/

given a completely different form or appearance

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This famous building had arisen, that was doomed.

washedadjectiveUS /wɑːʃt/

clean by virtue of having been washed in water

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

WhitehallnounUS /ˈwaɪthɔːl/

a wide street in London stretching from Trafalgar Square to the Houses of Parliament; site of many government offices

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And month by month the roads smelt more strongly of petrol, and were more difficult to cross, and human beings heard each other speak with greater difficulty, breathed less of the air, and saw less of the sky.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading Concerts and plays swept past them, money had been spent and renewed, reputations won and lost, and the city herself, emblematic of their lives, rose and fell in a continual flux, while her shallows washed more widely against the hills of Surrey and over the fields of Hertfordshire.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Today Whitehall had been transformed: it would be the turn of Regent Street tomorrow.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Over two years passed, and the Schlegel household continued to lead its life of cultured but not ignoble ease, still swimming gracefully on the grey tides of London.

Chapter 12 of Howards End by E. M. (Edward Morgan) Forster holds 183 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Howards End contain?

Chapter 12 holds 183 sentences of Howards End, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Howards End by E. M. (Edward Morgan) Forster exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 183 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Howards End?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Howards End

Common questions about reading Howards End by E. M. (Edward Morgan) Forster on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Howards End?

Yes. All 8538 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2891 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Howards End is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2891, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Howards End take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1708 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Howards End section by section

How to work through Howards End section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of Howards End to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Howards End

Words and structures a reader meets early in Howards End, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Begin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Howards End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Helen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Howards End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Howards End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sister
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Howards End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.